{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T14:27:32Z","timestamp":1793543252697,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"The Journal of Rheumatology","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Rheumatol"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adverse changes in body composition are increasingly being recognized in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to explore the relationship between RA disease activity, disease impact, and functional disability with bioelectrical phase angle (PhA) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with RA were recruited at a tertiary hospital in Portugal. The Disease Activity Score in 28 joints based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein (DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP, respectively) were used to assess disease activity. The impact of disease and functional status were evaluated using the Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease (RAID) questionnaire and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), respectively. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). PhA was stratified into tertiles, and ASMI was classified according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 104 patients with RA were included (74% female; mean age 60.9 [SD 9.6] years). RAID scores were significantly lower in patients in the highest PhA tertile (PhA-T3) than in those in the lower PhA tertiles (PhA-T2 and PhA-T1,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001, respectively). HAQ scores were significantly lower in patients in the highest PhA tertile (PhA-T3) than in those in the lowest PhA tertile (PhA-T1,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Median DAS28-ESR and DAS28-CRP were lower among patients with higher PhA, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.07 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.16, respectively). No differences were found among the ASMI groups in DAS28-ESR (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.62), DAS28-CRP (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.97), RAID (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.30), or HAQ (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.51) scores.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A lower PhA was associated with greater disease impact and greater significant functional disability in patients with RA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.2026-0072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T12:25:20Z","timestamp":1785587120000},"page":"1196-1206","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioelectric Phase Angle and Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association With Disease Activity, Impact of Disease, and Functional Disability"],"prefix":"10.3899","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0426-0462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Charneca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6700-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9928-9331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Vasques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Ferro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4165-7052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabete","family":"Carolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Martins-Martinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Margarida","family":"Duarte-Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2186-2833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Dourado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7188-8516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim","family":"Polido-Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1432-3671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Eurico","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8730-6517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina Sousa","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2262","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18001","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.1","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Smolen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4681","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab078","article-title":"Healthcare utilization and economic burden of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis: a cost-of-illness study","volume":"60","author":"Roodenrijs","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(02)00237-1"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.4","first-page":"470","article-title":"Body composition phenotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative study of Caucasian female patients","volume":"29","author":"Santos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117244"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740802055984"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12320","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatoid cachexia in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Santo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-05001-x"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.31138\/mjr.250823.cpp","article-title":"Cachexia prevalence in a population of Moroccan women with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Toufik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediterr J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/03009742.2021.1973678","article-title":"Rheumatoid cachexia in early rheumatoid arthritis: prevalence and associated variables","volume":"52","author":"\u00c5ngstr\u00f6m","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759720X211015006","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X211015006","article-title":"Body composition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative literature review","volume":"13","author":"Letarouilly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2015.04.010","article-title":"Cachexia and adiposity in rheumatoid arthritis. Relevance for disease management and clinical outcomes","volume":"83","author":"Challal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Jt Bone Spine"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-009-0017-y"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0349-4"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.85.1.115"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856-026-01440-w","article-title":"Comparing DXA and MRI body composition measurements in cross-sectional and longitudinal cohorts","volume":"6","author":"Basty","year":"2026","journal-title":"Commun Med"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1669","article-title":"American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition clinical guidelines: the validity of body composition assessment in clinical populations","volume":"44","author":"Sheean","year":"2020","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e32832da22c"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06441.x","article-title":"Bioelectrical impedance analysis. What does it measure?","volume":"904","author":"Schoeller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2012.05.008"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2021.111493","article-title":"Exploring the potential role of phase angle as a marker of oxidative stress: a narrative review","volume":"93","author":"da Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154-022-09775-0","article-title":"Phase angle and cellular health: inflammation and oxidative damage","volume":"24","author":"da Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rev Endocr Metab Disord"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.10.048"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29215"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2017.11.006","article-title":"Malnutrition and sarcopenia assessment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to international diagnostic criteria, and evaluation of raw BIA variables","volume":"134","author":"de Blasio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24109"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.6.2580","article-title":"Segmental body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis and DEXA in humans","volume":"81","author":"Bracco","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.07.010"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00185"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2016-000382"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.33","first-page":"S40","article-title":"The Disease Activity Score (DAS) and the Disease Activity Score using 28 joint counts (DAS28) in the management of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"34","author":"van Riel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.084459"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.100271"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.36","first-page":"S14","article-title":"The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ)","volume":"23","author":"Bruce","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.89.2.465"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199505010-00003","article-title":"Bioelectrical impedance analysis as a predictor of survival in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"9","author":"Ott","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(99)00230-0"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-8-249"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.6.1634","article-title":"Bioelectrical impedance phase angle in clinical practice: implications for prognosis in advanced colorectal cancer","volume":"80","author":"Gupta","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2022.111729","article-title":"The bioimpedance phase angle is more useful than sarcopenia as a predictor of falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a 2-y prospective cohort study","volume":"102","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roac078","article-title":"The bioimpedance phase angle may be associated with frailty in rheumatoid arthritis patients: results from a prospective, cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.07.004","article-title":"Reference values for the phase angle of the electrical bioimpedance: systematic review and meta-analysis involving more than 250,000 subjects","volume":"39","author":"Mattiello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2024.105283","article-title":"The diagnostic accuracy and cutoff value of phase angle for screening sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6649","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18126649","article-title":"Phase angle is a marker of muscle quantity and strength in overweight\/obese former athletes","volume":"18","author":"Matias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1007\/s11332-022-00956-7","article-title":"Correlation between phase angle and muscle mass, muscle function, and health perception in community-dwelling older women","volume":"19","author":"Silva","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sport Sci Health"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3458","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10163458","article-title":"The assessment of muscle mass and function in patients with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Yun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2010.523012","article-title":"Treatment with low-dose prednisolone is associated with altered body composition but no difference in bone mineral density in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a controlled cross-sectional study","volume":"40","author":"Engvall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-013-0599-2"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep165"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0193377","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193377","article-title":"An unfavorable body composition is common in early arthritis patients: a case control study","volume":"13","author":"Turk","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759720X20946220","DOI":"10.1177\/1759720X20946220","article-title":"Reduced skeletal muscle independently predicts 1-year aggravated joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17274","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-21095-6","article-title":"Phase angle obtained via bioelectrical impedance analysis and objectively measured physical activity or exercise habits","volume":"12","author":"Yamada","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02570-3"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000532","article-title":"The role of diet for prevention and management of hypertension","volume":"33","author":"Ozemek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.115.009480"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0000000000000274","article-title":"The impact of fitness on surgical outcomes: the case for prehabilitation","volume":"15","author":"Myers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108100255"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-017-0174-y"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124221"},{"key":"2026110105301040000_53.11.1196.62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-023-03196-8","article-title":"The Mediterranean diet, and not dietary inflammatory index, is associated with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, the impact of disease and functional disability","volume":"62","author":"Charneca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.2026-0072","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T13:30:58Z","timestamp":1793539858000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jrheum.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.3899\/jrheum.2026-0072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3899\/jrheum.2026-0072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3899\/jrheum.2026-0072","relation":{},"ISSN":["0315-162X","1499-2752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0315-162X","type":"print"},{"value":"1499-2752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}}}