{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:41:34Z","timestamp":1767861694764,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Korean Association of Internal Medicine","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HW22C2045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HW22C2045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kjim.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: The rapidity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific memory B or T cell response in vaccinated individuals is important for our understanding of immunopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We therefore compared the timing of adequate immune responses between the first and booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines in infection-na\u00efve healthcare workers.Methods: We enrolled healthcare workers who received two doses of either the BNT162b2 vaccine or the ChAdOx1 vaccine, all of whom received the BNT162b2 vaccine as the booster (the third) dose. Spike 1 (S1)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and interferon gamma producing T cell responses were measured at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days after the first dose, and at 0 and between 2 to 7 days after the booster dose.Results: After the first-dose vaccination, the S1-IgG antibody responses were elicited within 14 days in the BNT162b2 group and within 21 days in the ChAdOx1 group. After the booster dose, the S1-IgG antibody responses were elicited within 5 days in both groups. The SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses appeared at 7 days after the first dose and at 4 days after the booster dose.Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses by memory B cells and T cells may be expected to appear around 4 to 5 days after the booster dose.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2022.173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,11]],"date-time":"2022-10-11T04:57:26Z","timestamp":1665464246000},"page":"1234-1240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Comparison of the rapidity of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses between primary and booster vaccination for COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3904","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Ji Yeun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Soo","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hye Hee","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"So Yun","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seongman","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6596-8253","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sung-Han","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2270","reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"320","volume-title":"Prevention and attenuation of COVID-19 with the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines","author":"Thompson","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.6564"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"","author":"Shepardson","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab746"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"","author":"Orenstein","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2021.21.e29"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab579"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.06.21.21258528"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12640"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2114583"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)01642-1"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20110740"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095496"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.230417497"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005443107"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2803.212607"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.01.08.22268920"}],"container-title":["The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/upload\/kjim-2022-173.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3904\/kjim.2022.173","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/upload\/kjim-2022-173.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T01:29:17Z","timestamp":1667957357000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3904\/kjim.2022.173"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/kjim.2022.173","relation":{},"ISSN":["1226-3303","2005-6648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1226-3303","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-6648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-06-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-10-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}