{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T02:09:16Z","timestamp":1786500556093,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Korean Association of Internal Medicine","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697587200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kjim.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: We aimed to determine whether hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains an important risk factor for gallbladder polyps (GBPs) in the current context of reduced prevalence of these infections.Methods: The cohort included 392,913 asymptomatic adults who underwent abdominal ultrasonography (US).Results: The prevalence of GBP sized \u2265 5 mm, \u2265 10 mm, and overall (&lt; 5, 5\u20139 and \u2265 10 mm) was 2.9%, 0.1%, and 12.8%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb), and hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV) positivity was 3.2%, 26.7%, and 0.1%, respectively. The GBP risk was significantly increased in HBsAg-positive individuals, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.66 (95% confidence interval, 1.49\u20131.85) for GBP \u2265 5 mm, 2.39 (1.53\u20133.75) for GBP \u2265 10 mm, and 1.49 (1.41\u20131.59) for overall, whereas there was no significant association between anti-HCV positivity and GBP risk. The GBP risk did not increase significantly in individuals who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for HBcAb.Conclusions: The presence of HBsAg may be an independent risk factor for GBP development in the current context of a indecreasing prevalence of HBsAg positivity. A more comprehensive evaluation of GBP during abdominal US surveillance of HBsAg-positive individuals may be necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2023.197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T01:25:33Z","timestamp":1697592333000},"page":"844-853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of hepatitis B virus infection on the risk of gallbladder polyps: a cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3904","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Nam Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4213-9428","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ji 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