{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T14:49:10Z","timestamp":1791816550284,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Korean Association of Internal Medicine","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002630","name":"Ewha Womans University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002630","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020R1I1A1A01073545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020R1I1A1A01073545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019R1A2C1002526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019R1A2C1002526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1H1A2091616"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1H1A2091616"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kjim.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: The programmed death 1 (PD-1)\/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway has not been fully evaluated in inflammatory bowel disease. We evaluated PD-1\/PD-L1 levels in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and their significance in tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs) treatment.Methods: Using acute and chronic murine colitis model, we measured the PD-1 and PD-L1 levels in inflamed colonic tissues pre- and post-treatment with TMSCs. We also measured PD-1 and PD-L1 levels in colonic tissues from UC patients, compared to normal controls.Results: In the analysis using human colonic tissues, a significant increase in the levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 was observed in the colonic mucosa of patients with UC compared with normal controls (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &lt; 0.001 and &lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.005, respectively). When comparing the maximal disease extent, PD-L1 levels were highest in patients with proctitis (38.5 \u00b1 46.7), followed by left-side colitis (17.5 \u00b1 23.1) and extensive colitis (5.2 \u00b1 8.2) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). In the chronic colitis model, the level of PD-L1 was decreased (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.040) and the level of PD-1 increased more than in normal controls (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.047). After treatment with TMSC, significant improvements were observed in body weight, disease activity index, and colon length recovery. Additionally, the levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 were recovered; PD-L1 significantly increased (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.031), while the level of PD-1 decreased (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt; = 0.310).Conclusions: The altered expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in colonic mucosa may be a possible mechanism of UC, and T-MSC-derived PD-L1 could help suppress colitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2024.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]],"date-time":"2024-11-04T01:41:44Z","timestamp":1730684504000},"page":"917-930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The role of PD-1\/PD-L1 pathway in ulcerative colitis and changes following tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells treatment"],"prefix":"10.3904","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Eun Mi","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang 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