{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T08:15:45Z","timestamp":1789460145818,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Korean Association of Internal Medicine","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kjim.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Korean J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of artificial intelligence (AI)-based late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) quantification using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 142 patients with HCM (mean age 58.5 \u00b1 13.7 yr; 72.5% men) who underwent CMR at Yeungnam University Medical Center between 2015 and 2023. LGE was quantified using an AI-based segmentation algorithm with a 6-standard deviation method. Patients were stratified into a high LGE group (\u2265 15%) and a low LGE group (&lt; 15%). The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, including sudden cardiac death (SCD) and SCD-equivalent events.Results: Over a median follow-up of 59 months, the high LGE group experienced a higher incidence of the primary outcome compared with the low LGE group (21.2% vs. 4.6%, p = 0.0067). After adjustment for age and left ventricular ejection fraction, a high AI-quantified LGE burden (\u2265 15%) remained independently associated with the primary outcome (adjusted hazard ratio 4.67, 95% confidence interval 1.43\u201315.30, p = 0.011). Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined an optimal LGE cutoff of 8% for predicting the primary outcome (area under the curve 0.821). Patients with LGE \u2265 8% exhibited markedly increased rates of the primary outcome (18.2% vs. 0%, p &lt; 0.001) and SCD\/SCD-equivalent events (13.6% vs. 0%, p = 0.00074).Conclusions: AI-based quantitative assessment of LGE is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with HCM and may represent a clinically meaningful imaging biomarker for risk stratification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2026.065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T02:15:56Z","timestamp":1788747356000},"page":"884-893","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prognostic significance of artificial intelligence-quantified late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.3904","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Young-Sang","family":"Jeong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Il","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang-Un","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Ho","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9338-0679","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chan-Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang-Won","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jong-Seon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunjung","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2270","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2023.04.005","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.01.019","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"3503","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathies: developed by the task force on the management of cardiomyopathies of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)","author":"Arbelo","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"e533","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"2020 AHA\/ACC guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","author":"Ommen","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.119.008123","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/hco.0000000000000939","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circep.111.962043","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"587","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: accurate reflection of histopathological findings by CMR","author":"Moravsky","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"1392","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Prognostic value of LGE-CMR in HCM: a meta-analysis","author":"Weng","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.113.007094","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.05.007","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.05.060","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10090526","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"489","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Quantitative late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance and sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a meta-analysis","author":"Kiaos","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"1178","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"Refining the prognostic value of LGE in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: presence, extent, and location-What\u2019s next?","author":"Mahrholdt","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"e1239","type":"journal-article","volume-title":"2024 AHA\/ACC\/AMSSM\/HRS\/PACES\/SCMR guideline for the management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a report of the American Heart Association\/American College of Cardiology Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","author":"Ommen","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-23-375","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-022-00857-1","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-018-0471-x","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1621292","type":"journal-article"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.709230","type":"journal-article"}],"container-title":["The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/upload\/kjim-2026-065.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3904\/kjim.2026.065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/upload\/kjim-2026-065.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:59:25Z","timestamp":1789459165000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/kjim.org\/journal\/view.php?doi=10.3904\/kjim.2026.065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3904\/kjim.2026.065","relation":{},"ISSN":["1226-3303","2005-6648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1226-3303","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-6648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Print publication","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}