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They were also among the first to propose the use of probiotic<jats:italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus<\/jats:italic>cultures. In recent years, aspects of this gut-brain-skin theory have been further validated via modern scientific investigations. It is evident that gut microbes and oral probiotics could be linked to the skin, and particularly acne severity, by their ability to influence systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, glycaemic control, tissue lipid content, and even mood. This intricate relationship between gut microbiota and the skin may also be influenced by diet, a current area of intense scrutiny by those who study acne. Here we provide a historical background to the gut-brain-skin theory in acne, followed by a summary of contemporary investigations and clinical implications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3920\/bm2012.0060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,26]],"date-time":"2013-07-26T01:15:59Z","timestamp":1374801359000},"page":"185-199","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Acne vulgaris, probiotics and the gut-brain-skin axis: from anecdote to translational medicine"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"W.","family":"Bowe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.B.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Jersey Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 150 Bergen Street, Newark, NJ 07103, 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