{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T19:30:34Z","timestamp":1785007834995,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of oral administration of probiotic bacteria cell walls (PBCWs) in the stimulation of the immune system in healthy BALB\/c mice was evaluated. We focused our investigation mainly on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) which are essential for coordinating an adequate mucosal immune response and on the functionality of macrophages. The probiotic bacteria and their cell walls were able to stimulate the IECs exhibiting an important activation and cytokine releases. Supplementation with PBCWs promoted macrophage activation from peritoneum and spleen, indicating that the PBCWs oral administration was able to improve the functionality of the macrophages. In addition, the PBCWs increased immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing cells in the gut lamina propria in a similar way to probiotic bacteria, but this supplementation did not have an effect on the population of goblet cells in the small intestine epithelium. These results indicate that the probiotic bacteria and their cell walls have an important immunoregulatory effect on the IECs without altering the homeostatic environment but with an increase in IgA+ producing cells and in the innate immune cells, mainly those distant from the gut such as spleen and peritoneum. These findings about the capacity of the cell walls from probiotic bacteria to stimulate key cells, such as IECs and macrophages, and to improve the functioning of the immune system, suggest that those structures could be applied as a new oral adjuvant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3920\/bm2016.0220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T11:25:40Z","timestamp":1510313140000},"page":"153-164","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Probiotic bacteria cell walls stimulate the activity of the intestinal epithelial cells and macrophage functionality"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"J.M.","family":"Lemme-Dumit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."},{"name":"Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica, Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.A.","family":"Polti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiol\u00f3gicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."},{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n. Miguel Lillo 205, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Perdig\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."},{"name":"Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica, Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Maldonado","family":"Galdeano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."},{"name":"Facultad de Bioqu\u00edmica, Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucum\u00e1n, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n 4000, Tucum\u00e1n, Argentina."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2316"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2015.0190"},{"key":"atypb3","first-page":"1","volume":"354","journal-title":"Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.01.020"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-9-27"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.01.002"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.013"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.13.2.219-226.2006"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2004.02353.x"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12189"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.1.79"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119522"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.12.608"},{"key":"atypb14","first-page":"137","volume":"27","journal-title":"Journal of Cell Biology"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.08.020"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5308-5314.2004"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1091334"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00406-06"},{"key":"atypb19","first-page":"1","volume":"6","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Cellular Immunology"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-64"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00341.2003"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00970.x"},{"key":"atypb23","first-page":"27","volume":"2","journal-title":"Current Issues in Intestinal Microbiology"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601658"},{"key":"atypb25","first-page":"69","volume":"6","journal-title":"Current Trends in Immunology"},{"key":"atypb26","first-page":"141","volume":"13","journal-title":"International Journal of Immunology and Pharmacology"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3608"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10.3.250"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.09.066"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2010.08.003"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200519229"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12403"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-62.12.1435"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.25.2.407"},{"key":"atypb35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-14-126"},{"key":"atypb36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.12.9.1075-1084.2005"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2007.01.003"},{"key":"atypb38","first-page":"223","volume":"24","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0130750","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130750","volume":"10","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"atypb40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2009.08.009"}],"container-title":["Beneficial Microbes"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/bm\/9\/1\/article-p153_14.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/bm\/9\/1\/article-p153_14.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/bm\/9\/1\/article-p153_14.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T09:30:36Z","timestamp":1713259836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/brill.com\/view\/journals\/bm\/9\/1\/article-p153_14.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3920\/bm2016.0220","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-2883","1876-2891"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-2883","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-2891","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]}}}