{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T00:47:41Z","timestamp":1770511661753,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552435200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Little is known about the prevalence of persistent human infections by nontyphoidal <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> (NTS). Recently published study results indicate that a small fraction (at least 2.2%) of NTS-infected patients continue to shed <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> for an extended period of time (up to years). Despite the recommendation not to use antibiotics for the treatment of uncomplicated NTS-<jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> infection, little treatment guidance is available. Clinical findings from a NTS-patient indicate that administration of synbiotics (probiotic bacteria plus prebiotic) might be considered as a treatment option. We report data of a patient who was treated with a synbiotic preparation containing nine different probiotic bacteria and the prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS). Starting from day one of the treatment, the patient experienced an improvement of symptoms and was symptom-free at the end of a 10 days treatment course. After finishing the treatment, the stool proved to be <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic> serovar Typhimurium negative. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> pathogenic inhibition studies showed the inhibitory effects of the multistrain synbiotic mixture against <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium. Growth of <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium was also inhibited by individual bacterial strains making part of the composition of the mixture. However, he inhibitory effects of individual strains varied significantly, with those of <jats:italic>Streptococcus thermophilus<\/jats:italic> St-21 and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus helveticus<\/jats:italic> SP-27 exhibiting the strongest inhibitory effect. Persistent infections by <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium are a severe concern for the affected patients. Besides the symptomatic burden, infected persons are banned from work in certain areas (e.g. food related service). In addition, patients with persistent <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium infections are a threat for the public health in general, as they serve as a reservoir for NTS transmission. The findings indicate that treatment with a synbiotic preparation might provide a treatment option for persistent <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium infections. More clinical data have to be gathered to confirm the relevance of this potential treatment approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3920\/bm2018.0080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T10:46:01Z","timestamp":1545389161000},"page":"211-218","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Persistent infection by Salmonella enterica servovar Typhimurium: are synbiotics a therapeutic option? \u2013 a case report"],"prefix":"10.1163","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Piatek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The President Stanis\u0142aw Wojciechowski State University of Applied Sciences in Kalisz, Nowy \u015awiat 4 st., Kalisz 62-800, Poland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Sommermeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vivatrex GmbH, Martinstrasse 10-12, 52062 Aachen, Germany."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bernatek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Hospital Jarocin, Szpitalna 1, Jarocin 63-200, Poland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ciechelska-Rybarczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"District Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Jarocin, Waska 2, Jarocin 63-200, Poland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Oleskow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"District Sanitary-Epidemiological Station in Jarocin, Waska 2, Jarocin 63-200, Poland."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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