{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T18:18:49Z","timestamp":1761157129731,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hallux valgus is a complex progressive deformity affecting the forefoot. The main pathologic anatomy concerns the first metatarsophalangeal joint, including a varus or medial deviation of the first metatarsal and pronation deformity in the longitudinal axis. The goal of this study was to evaluate a series of consecutive patients over a 2-year period after a scarf osteotomy of the first metatarsal.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            A scarf osteotomy was performed on 31 consecutive patients with moderate to severe hallux valgus deformity (intermetatarsal angle, 13\u201322\u00b0; hallux valgus angle, 20\u201344\u00b0). Twenty-nine women and 2 men had an average age of 57 years (range, 21\u201371 years) at the time of surgery. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations included standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) score, physical examination, and foot pressure analysis by weight-bearing ink prints. Patients were evaluated radiographically and clinically in the initial postoperative period (\u22641 month), intermediate postoperative period (2\u20136 months), and final follow-up (12\u201336 months). Twenty-eight feet were available for analysis. Five of the 28 feet had concurrent surgeries on the lesser toes for hammer-toe correction or preoperative metatarsalgia. Paired Student\n            <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n            test on the 28 feet showed a statistically significant improvement (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.0001) between pre- and postoperative intermetatarsal angle, hallux valgus angle, and AOFAS score. One foot had recurrence of the hallux valgus deformity. Paired analysis of variance of the 27 feet without recurrence showed a statistically significant improvement in the pre- and postoperative parameters (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.0001). From this subset, the multiple-comparison Student-Newman-Keuis post hoc test showed a statistically significant (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            &lt;.0001) preservation of the correction in the intermediate follow-up period to final follow-up at an average 28 months.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20101221-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T01:23:23Z","timestamp":1619141003000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of Scarf Osteotomy for Management of Hallux Valgus Deformity"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Tarek A.","family":"Aly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weam","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Elsallakh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199606000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(03)00104-9"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","first-page":"360","article-title":"The modified Scarf bunionectomy","volume":"31","author":"Kramer J","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kramer J, Barry LD, Helfman DN, Mehnert JA, Pokrifcak VM. The modified Scarf bunionectomy. J Foot Surg. 1992; 31(4):360\u2013367.","journal-title":"J Foot Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","first-page":"455","article-title":"The inverted Z bunionectomy: quantitative analysis of the scarf and inverted scarf bunionectomy osteotomies in fresh cadaveric matched pair specimens","volume":"33","author":"Miller JM","year":"1994","unstructured":"Miller JM, Stuck R, Sartori M, Patwardhan A, Cane R, Vrbos L. The inverted Z bunionectomy: quantitative analysis of the scarf and inverted scarf bunionectomy osteotomies in fresh cadaveric matched pair specimens. J Foot Ankle Surg. 1994; 33(5):455\u2013462.","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","first-page":"559","article-title":"Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus. Historical perspective, surgical technique, and results","volume":"5","author":"Weil LS","year":"2000","unstructured":"Weil LS. Scarf osteotomy for correction of hallux valgus. Historical perspective, surgical technique, and results. Foot Ankle Clin. 2000; 5(3):559\u2013580.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1363-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2010.0676"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"119","volume-title":"European Instructional Course Lectures","author":"Valentin B","year":"1999","unstructured":"Valentin B. Changing concepts in the surgery of hallux valgus. In: , Jacob RP, Fulford P, Horan F, eds. European Instructional Course Lectures. London, England: British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery; 1999:119\u2013127."},{"issue":"53","key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"3265","article-title":"Eine neue Modifikation der Hallux valgus Operation","author":"Meyer M","year":"1926","unstructured":"Meyer M. Eine neue Modifikation der Hallux valgus Operation. Zbl Chir. 1926; (53):3265\u20133268.","journal-title":"Zbl Chir"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","first-page":"261","article-title":"Hallux valgus y conedad anatomica del primer metatarsano (correction quingica)","author":"Burutaran JM","year":"1976","unstructured":"Burutaran JM. Hallux valgus y conedad anatomica del primer metatarsano (correction quingica). Actual Med Chir Pied. 1976; (13):261\u2013266.","journal-title":"Actual Med Chir Pied"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-002-0413-x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","first-page":"525","article-title":"Scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus correction. Local anatomy, surgical technique, and combination with other forefoot procedures","volume":"5","author":"Barouk LS","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barouk LS. Scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus correction. Local anatomy, surgical technique, and combination with other forefoot procedures. Foot Ankle Clin. 2000; 5(3):525\u2013558.","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/978-2-8178-0780-5","volume-title":"Forefoot Reconstruction","author":"Barouk LS","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barouk LS. Forefoot Reconstruction. New York, NY: Springer Verlag; 2003:23\u201371."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079902000306"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fas.2008.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-010-0958-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640009352806"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070302400104"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401500701"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107110070202300306"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","first-page":"313","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of internal threaded Kirschnerwire fixation of the scarf bunionectomy","volume":"26","author":"Schwartz N","year":"1987","unstructured":"Schwartz N, Groves ER. 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