{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T18:30:23Z","timestamp":1769797823197,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Multiple pectoralis major tendon tears have been reported in the literature; however, isolated rupture of the pectoralis minor tendon is rare and has been reported 3 times (4 patients).<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>This article describes a case of an isolated pectoralis minor tendon tear in a male high school football player after a traumatic injury. The patient was injured while making a tackle and leading with his arm and chest. He presented with left anterior shoulder and chest wall pain with direct tenderness on palpation over the coracoid. Magnetic resonance imaging of the chest revealed an isolated tear of the pectoralis minor tendon with slight retraction and significant edema in the muscle belly. The patient returned to full activities after conservative management.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>Although rare, the diagnosis of pectoralis minor tendon rupture should be considered in patients who sustain a contact injury to the shoulder with tenderness on palpation over the coracoid. The mechanism of injury can be related to a direct anterior force to the shoulder, forced external rotation of the arm in slight abduction, or with the arm in extension and shoulder in flexion (eg, blocking in football). The diagnosis can be confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging when edema exists on the medial aspect of the coracoid and extends into the muscle belly. Physical therapy with scapular stabilization exercises and avoidance of abduction and active adduction can be successful in returning these patients to their previous activity levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20120725-33","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,6]],"date-time":"2012-08-06T13:43:24Z","timestamp":1344260604000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Isolated Tear of the Pectoralis Minor Tendon in a High School Football Player"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Xinning","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew T.","family":"Gorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua S.","family":"Dines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orr","family":"Limpisvasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050197"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002560000199"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","first-page":"248","article-title":"Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle: diagnosis and treatment. Apropos of 3 cases [in French]","volume":"78","author":"de Roguin B","year":"1992","unstructured":"de Roguin B. Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle: diagnosis and treatment. Apropos of 3 cases [in French]. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 1992; 78(4):248\u2013250.","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322011000200022"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.3.202"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Twelve cases of the pectoralis major muscle tendon rupture with surgical treatment-an average of 6.7-year follow-up","volume":"123","author":"He ZM","year":"2010","unstructured":"He ZM, Ao YF, Wang JQ, Hu YL, Yin Y. Twelve cases of the pectoralis major muscle tendon rupture with surgical treatment-an average of 6.7-year follow-up. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010; 123(1):57\u201360.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-006-0171-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197254050-00009"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"Radiology case of the month. Tearing pain and swelling in the left chest wall. Grade III muscle strain of the pectoralis major and minor","volume":"151","author":"Neitzschman HR","year":"1999","unstructured":"Neitzschman HR, Wilson S. Radiology case of the month. Tearing pain and swelling in the left chest wall. Grade III muscle strain of the pectoralis major and minor. J La State Med Soc. 1999; 151(1):19\u201320.","journal-title":"J La State Med Soc"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050085"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00934"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354657900700607"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-010-1034-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200407000-00009"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","first-page":"145","article-title":"Isolated tears of pectoralis minor muscle in professional football players: a case series","volume":"38","author":"Zvijac JE","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zvijac JE, Zikria B, Botto-van Bemden A. Isolated tears of pectoralis minor muscle in professional football players: a case series. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2009; 38(3):145\u2013147.","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","volume-title":"Clinically Oriented Anatomy","author":"Moore KL","year":"2005","unstructured":"Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-008-0382-x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","first-page":"139","article-title":"Pectoralis minor muscle. An unusual insertion","volume":"21","author":"Musso F","year":"2004","unstructured":"Musso F, Azeredo RA, Tose D, Marchiori JGT. Pectoralis minor muscle. An unusual insertion. Braz J Morphol Sci. 2004; 21(3):139\u2013140.","journal-title":"Braz J Morphol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","first-page":"1007","article-title":"Aspect echographic des anomalies d\u2019insetion du muscle pectoralis minor (petit pectoral)","volume":"84","author":"Homsi C","year":"2003","unstructured":"Homsi C, Rodrigues MB, Silva JJ, Stumps X, g M. Aspect echographic des anomalies d\u2019insetion du muscle pectoralis minor (petit pectoral). 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