{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:24:13Z","timestamp":1787030653557,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Orthopedics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Information regarding the precise dimensions of the lumbar vertebrae is essential for spinal surgery and instrumentation. When stenosis of the vertebral canal or the intervertebral foramen exists, the neural structures in them can be affected and cause symptoms such as low back or radicular pain. Accurate and comprehensive spinal canal measurements in the lumbar vertebrae are incomplete. The purpose of this study was to collect data on the dimensions of the lumbar spinal canal from computed tomography scans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Three hundred patients (162 men and 138 women) were studied. Computed tomography scans were obtained to determine the normal values of the midsagittal diameter, interpedicular distance, and lateral recess depth in the normal Egyptian population. The narrowest level was L3. The range of the midsagittal diameter was 11.07 to 26.07 mm at all levels. The range of the interpedicular distance was 17.00 to 43.41 mm at all levels. In all patients at all levels, mean lateral recess depth was 6.7 mm (range, 4\u201314 mm). The narrowest lateral recess depth was at L5. Few patients (3.3%) had a statistically stenotic midsagittal diameter measurement. The canal shape was not uniform along the 5 lumbar vertebrae; it ranged from being circular or rounded in the upper lumbar vertebrae to triangular in the midlumbar vertebrae to trefoil in the lower lumbar vertebrae, especially at L5. Trefoil canals existed mainly in the lower lumbar vertebrae at L5, followed by L4.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Data from computed tomography scans combined with accurate measurements are the basis for anatomical studies, clinical research, and the development of implants suitable for a group of patients with measurements different from the population standard.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20130122-27","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,5]],"date-time":"2013-02-05T08:52:53Z","timestamp":1360054373000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Geometrical Dimensions and Morphological Study of the Lumbar Spinal Canal in the Normal Egyptian Population"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Tarek","family":"Aly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00132-012-1906-y"},{"issue":"143","key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"Sagittal evaluation of elemental geometrical dimensions of human vertebrae","author":"Gilad I","year":"1985","unstructured":"Gilad I, Nissan M. Sagittal evaluation of elemental geometrical dimensions of human vertebrae. J Anat. 1985; (143):115\u2013120.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-58-695-1031"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1243\/EMED_JOUR_1984_013_030_02"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199408000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198705000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.59B2.873978"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199203000-00010"},{"issue":"172","key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","first-page":"296","article-title":"Morphometry of the lumbar vertebrae: an anatomic study in two Caucasoids ethnic groups","author":"Postacchini F","year":"1983","unstructured":"Postacchini F, Ripani M, Carpano S. Morphometry of the lumbar vertebrae: an anatomic study in two Caucasoids ethnic groups. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983; (172):296\u2013303.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198504000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.134.1.7350593"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.145.2.327"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860000140"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.48.3.0360"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","first-page":"34","article-title":"Morphometry of the lumbar spine and lumbosacral region in Egyptians","volume":"18","author":"AkI M","year":"1983","unstructured":"AkI M, Zidan A. Morphometry of the lumbar spine and lumbosacral region in Egyptians. Egypt Orthop J. 1983; 18:34\u201343.","journal-title":"Egypt Orthop J"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199508000-00006"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"The sagittal diameter of the lumbar vertebral canal in normal adult Nigerians","volume":"140","author":"Amonoo-Kuofi HS","year":"1985","unstructured":"Amonoo-Kuofi HS. The sagittal diameter of the lumbar vertebral canal in normal adult Nigerians. J Anat. 1985; 140(1):69\u201378.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.97.1.141"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","first-page":"370","article-title":"The thoracolumbar mortise joint","volume":"89","author":"Davis PR","year":"1955","unstructured":"Davis PR. The thoracolumbar mortise joint. J Anat. 1955; 89(3):370\u2013377.","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.1.3975392"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","first-page":"569","volume-title":"Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Whole Body","author":"Naheedy MH","year":"1994","unstructured":"Naheedy MH. The spine and spinal trauma. In: , Hagga JR, Lanzieri CF, Sartoris DJ, Zerhouni EA, eds. Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Whole Body. London, UK: Mosby; 1994:569\u2013644."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)01089-2","article-title":"Spinal stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Dorwart RH","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dorwart RH, Vogler JB, Helms CA. Spinal stenosis. Radiol Clin North Am. 1983; 21(2):301\u2013325.","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Orthopedics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.healio.com\/doiresolver?doi=10.3928\/01477447-20130122-27","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T20:53:39Z","timestamp":1683060819000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.healio.com\/doi\/10.3928\/01477447-20130122-27"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3928\/01477447-20130122-27"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20130122-27","relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-7447","1938-2367"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-7447","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2367","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}}}