{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T10:17:04Z","timestamp":1752229024748},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Many cases of acute-onset cranial nerve paresis have benign etiologies such as microvascular occlusion. Most will resolve completely and neuroimaging is usually unnecessary. Few reports exist on acute fourth nerve paresis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A retrospective review was conducted of all patients presenting with diplopia to the emergency department for 1 year caused by isolated fourth cranial nerve paresis from any cause including trauma.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Thirty-two patients met the criteria, 26 (81%) males and 6 (19%) females, with an average age of 59.5 years (range: 14 to 80 years). Eighteen (56%) had a microvascular etiology with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or both; 6 were already taking medication. Six (19%) had decompensating fourth nerve paresis (2 had hypertension and 1 had recent head trauma). Closed head trauma accounted for 2 patients, migraine and herpes zoster virus accounted for one each, and 4 remained unknown. Nineteen patients (59%) were prescribed prisms and 2 patients were given occlusion. Diplopia resolved without treatment in 23 patients (72%) within 2 weeks to 10 months, but 89% of patients with microvascular etiology resolved spontaneously. Three patients continued with prisms, one patient underwent surgery.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The prognosis for complete and spontaneous resolution of microvascular fourth nerve paresis was excellent, with 89% completely resolved within 10 months.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20120710-05","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,17]],"date-time":"2012-07-17T09:13:20Z","timestamp":1342516400000},"page":"366-369","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Clinical Course and Characteristics of Acute Presentation of Fourth Nerve Paresis"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Ayman","family":"Khaier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Dawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1935.00840010043006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1986.01050240045037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.12.2439"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1967.00980020763009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"252","article-title":"Microvascular cranial nerve palsies in an arabic population","volume":"19","author":"AlSaleh M","year":"1999","unstructured":"AlSaleh M, Bosley TM. 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Trans Ophthal Soc U K. 1980;100:498\u2013501.","journal-title":"Trans Ophthal Soc U K"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74718-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)01226-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-007-0489-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1996.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.12.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology &amp; Strabismus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.healio.com\/doiresolver?doi=10.3928\/01913913-20120710-05","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T17:39:10Z","timestamp":1683567550000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.healio.com\/doi\/10.3928\/01913913-20120710-05"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3928\/01913913-20120710-05"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01913913-20120710-05","relation":{},"ISSN":["0191-3913","1938-2405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0191-3913","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}