{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T04:00:28Z","timestamp":1782792028191,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            The authors review published clinical case reports, case series, and clinical trials evaluating the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) medications for the primary or adjunctive treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). A literature search of peer reviewed reports on PubMed was performed. More than 50 pertinent peer-reviewed publications between 2006 and 2014 were selected to be included in this review and are summarized in this report. There is a growing body of literature on the use of anti-VEGF therapy as a treatment for ROP, predominately in the form of case reports and small case series. Adverse effects from anti-VEGF treatment for ROP have been reported, but with limited follow-up time. The use of anti-VEGF as a treatment for ROP remains off-label.\n            <jats:bold>\n              [\n              <jats:italic>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.<\/jats:italic>\n              2015;52(2):77\u201384.]\n            <\/jats:bold>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20150216-01","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,23]],"date-time":"2015-03-23T14:12:21Z","timestamp":1427119941000},"page":"77-84","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Therapy as a Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity: What We Know After 7 Years"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Klufas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. V.","family":"Paul Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.3.311"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.12.1684"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","first-page":"233","article-title":"Final results of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) randomized trial","volume":"102","author":"Good WV","year":"2004","unstructured":"Good WV. Final results of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) randomized trial. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2004;102:233\u2013248.","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000365132"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.3.905"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2584"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e318200df83"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2012.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208129"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.08.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181a3b848"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1007374"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20120821-03"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2012.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2013.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.2772"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318177f934"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318296e26d"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/ejo.5000166"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","first-page":"29","article-title":"Effects of intravitreal pegaptanib or bevacizumab and laser in treatment of threshold retinopathy of prematurity in zone I and posterior zone II: four years results [article in Czech]","volume":"68","author":"Autrata R","year":"2012","unstructured":"Autrata R, Senkova K, Holousova M, Krejcirova I, Dolezel Z, Borek I. Effects of intravitreal pegaptanib or bevacizumab and laser in treatment of threshold retinopathy of prematurity in zone I and posterior zone II: four years results [article in Czech]. Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2012;68:29\u201336.","journal-title":"Cesk Slov Oftalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-6798"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13397"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_25_2","first-page":"533","article-title":"Emerging roles for antiangiogenesis factors in management of ocular disease","volume":"6","author":"Saeed MU","unstructured":"Saeed MU, Gkaragkani E, Ali K. Emerging roles for antiangiogenesis factors in management of ocular disease. Clin Ophthalmol. 6:533\u2013543.","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2011.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_27_2","article-title":"Plasma level of vascular endothelial growth factor in retinopathy of prematurity after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab","volume":"52","author":"Lee SJ","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee SJ, Kim SY, Yoo B, Kim HW, Kim YH. Plasma level of vascular endothelial growth factor in retinopathy of prematurity after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011;52:E-abstract 3165.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2012.02469.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-199504000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2012.04.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-12-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-0952-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.192"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2012.02552.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12339"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12266"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.156810"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02445.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.400"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.061237"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003554"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31819a98a9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65138-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1102673"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.223"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.09.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.51"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000314980"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302365"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713683.2011.611609"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2008.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706475"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.3.318"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32832925f9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2009.166"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.04.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08820538.2013.835842"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2008.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2005.tb00499.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_66_2","first-page":"290","article-title":"Roles of vascular endothelial growth factor and astrocyte degeneration in the genesis of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"37","author":"Stone J","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stone J, Chan-Ling T, Pe\u2019er J, Itin A, Gnessin H, Keshet E. Roles of vascular endothelial growth factor and astrocyte degeneration in the genesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996;37:290\u2013299.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31826d3a76"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.12-11492"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2011.02351.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2012.592"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2013.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2013.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/435387"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12055"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2013.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-014-0310-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_79_2","first-page":"160","article-title":"Intravitreal bevacizumab as single drug therapy for retinopathy of prematurity in 12 patients","volume":"112","author":"Bancalari MA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bancalari MA, Schade YR, Pena ZR, Pavez PN. Intravitreal bevacizumab as single drug therapy for retinopathy of prematurity in 12 patients. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2014;112:160\u2013163.","journal-title":"Arch Argent Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.148"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0036933013496933"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12124"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20130528-03"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318275394a"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.684109"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_86_2","first-page":"S70","article-title":"Intravitreal bevacizumab injection in advanced retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"95","author":"Choovuthayakorn J","year":"2012","unstructured":"Choovuthayakorn J, Ubonrat K. Intravitreal bevacizumab injection in advanced retinopathy of prematurity. J Med Assoc Thai. 2012;95:S70\u2013S75.","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-012-0141-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.1802"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2012.111"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2011.0060"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-011-1678-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20100818-09","article-title":"Intravitreal bevacizumab following laser therapy for severe retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"47","author":"Erol N","year":"2010","unstructured":"Erol N, Gursoy H, Sahin A, Basmak H. Intravitreal bevacizumab following laser therapy for severe retinopathy of prematurity. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2010;47 Online:e1\u2013e4.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31820d4000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_94_2","first-page":"S15","article-title":"Combine intravitreal bevacizumab injection with laser treatment for aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP)","volume":"94","author":"Wutthiworawong B","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wutthiworawong B, Thitiratsanont U, Saovaprut C, et al. Combine intravitreal bevacizumab injection with laser treatment for aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP). J Med Assoc Thai. 2011;94:S15\u2013S21.","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2009.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-010-1375-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-010-1430-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181ca1457"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181ca146b"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-9233.65500"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20100215-03","article-title":"Combination of laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab in aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"42","author":"Altinsoy HI","year":"2010","unstructured":"Altinsoy HI, Mutlu FM, Gungor R, Sarici SU. Combination of laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab in aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2010;42:e1\u2013e5.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.145"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2009.156"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3181644ad2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e318159ec6b"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2008.140657"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-008-0786-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20070501-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-007-0661-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.29505"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.73707"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_112_2","unstructured":"Chen SN Lian I Hwang YC et al. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for retinopathy of prematurity: comparison between ranibizumab and bevacizumab [published online ahead of print December 1 2014]. Retina ."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302276"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-620X.106103"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000338623"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_116_2","first-page":"207","article-title":"Laser-ranibizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity in umbral-preumbral disease: three years of experience","volume":"79","author":"Orozco-Gomez LP","year":"2011","unstructured":"Orozco-Gomez LP, Hernandez-Salazar L, Moguel-Ancheita S, Ramirez-Moreno MA, Morales-Cruz MV. Laser-ranibizumab treatment for retinopathy of prematurity in umbral-preumbral disease: three years of experience. Cir Cir. 2011;79:207\u2013214, 225\u2013232.","journal-title":"Cir Cir"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaapos.2010.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_118_2","volume-title":"Presented at the Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Annual Meeting","author":"Trese MT","unstructured":"Trese MT, Capone A, Drenser K. Macugen in retinopathy of prematurity. Presented at the Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Annual Meeting; April 30\u2013May 4, 2006; Fort Lauderdale, FL."}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology &amp; Strabismus"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.healio.com\/doiresolver?doi=10.3928\/01913913-20150216-01","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T13:26:47Z","timestamp":1683034007000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.healio.com\/doi\/10.3928\/01913913-20150216-01"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3928\/01913913-20150216-01"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01913913-20150216-01","relation":{},"ISSN":["0191-3913","1938-2405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0191-3913","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}}}