{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T14:04:05Z","timestamp":1774361045949,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Refract Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>PURPOSE:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To study the mechanical dynamics between the zonuli-capsular complex and an accommodating intraocular lens mechanics simulator using pharmacological stimulation of the ciliary body in a primate eye.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Following phacoemulsification removal of the lens, force\/movement gauges simulating the accommodating intraocular lens mechanics were implanted in 8 primate eyes (4 positioned in-the-bag and 4 on-the-bag). The gauge readings were taken under full effect of pilocarpine 4% or atropine 1% starting 6 weeks after surgery and following 3-month intervals for 30 months.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              An average movement of 390\n              <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n              m for on-the-bag gauges and 145\n              <jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>\n              m for in-the-bag gauges was documented at 3 months postoperatively. The mechanical compliance of in-the-bag gauges rapidly deteriorated with capsular fibrosis developing inside the gauge and the capsular bag shrinking around it. On-the-bag gauges remained functional but the initial compliance was compromised over time by the pressure build up caused by the fibrotic capsular bag.\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Following phacoemulsification, capsular fibrosis causes disappearance of the mechanical forces detected by an in-the-bag gauge. An on-the-bag gauge detects active forces at the sulcus lasting at least 5 years, although the contracting capsule pressure compromises its compliance. These findings have important implications for future accommodating intraocular lens designs.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:bold>\n                [\n                <jats:italic>J Refract Surg<\/jats:italic>\n                . 2015;31(2):124\u2013128.]\n              <\/jats:bold>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597x-20150122-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,3]],"date-time":"2015-03-03T21:22:03Z","timestamp":1425417723000},"page":"124-128","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Study of the Force Dynamics at the Capsular Interface Related to Ciliary Body Stimulation in a Primate Model"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jorge L.","family":"Ali\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Ben-Nun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"On the anomalies of accommodation and refraction of the eye","author":"Donders FC","year":"1864","unstructured":"Donders FC. On the anomalies of accommodation and refraction of the eye. London: The New Sydenham Society;1864."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1912.04270090254042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"1162","article-title":"Age-related changes in human ciliary muscle and lens: a magnetic resonance imaging study","volume":"40","author":"Strenk SA","year":"1999","unstructured":"Strenk SA, Semmlow JL, Strenk LM, Munoz P, Gronlund-Jacob J, DeMarco K. Age-related changes in human ciliary muscle and lens: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:1162\u20131169.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2006.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1977.sp011938"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(88)80008-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2006.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/7.11.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrs.2005.06.037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"129","article-title":"The NuLens accommodating intraocular lens","volume":"1","author":"Ben-Nun J","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ben-Nun J. The NuLens accommodating intraocular lens. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2006;1:129\u2013134.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Journal of Refractive Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.healio.com\/doiresolver?doi=10.3928\/1081597X-20150122-08","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T21:52:36Z","timestamp":1683064356000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.healio.com\/doi\/10.3928\/1081597X-20150122-08"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3928\/1081597X-20150122-08"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/1081597x-20150122-08","relation":{},"ISSN":["1081-597X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1081-597X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]}}}