{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T20:38:26Z","timestamp":1770842306675,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>To report and analyze the causes and outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery and medical retina malpractice litigation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>PATIENTS AND METHODS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The WestLaw database was reviewed for all vitreoretinal malpractice litigation in the United States between 1930 and 2014.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              One hundred forty-two retina cases were included. Overall, 64.1% of cases were resolved in favor of defendants. Eighty-three (58.5%) cases were resolved via jury trial, 30.1% of which were associated with plaintiff verdicts with mean adjusted jury award of $5,222,894 (median, $691,974). Eight cases (5.6%) resulted in settlements with mean adjusted indemnity of $726,003 (median: $437,165). Jury awards were higher than settlement awards (\n              <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n              = .04). Commonly litigated scenarios included retinal detachment (46.5%) and retinopathy of prematurity (9.2%).\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The complexity of treating vitreoretinal problems and the high potential for vision loss inherent in many diagnoses make treating retinal problems high-risk. Many cases in this series resulted in multi-million-dollar plaintiff awards.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:bold>\n                [\n                <jats:italic>Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.<\/jats:italic>\n                2020;51:272\u2013278.]\n              <\/jats:bold>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20200501-04","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T16:53:04Z","timestamp":1591635184000},"page":"272-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Malpractice Litigation in Vitreoretinal Surgery and Medical Retina"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Stephanie B.","family":"Engelhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grant A.","family":"Justin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid E.","family":"Zimmer-Galler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austin J.","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashvini K.","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2017.0311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa1012370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-200308000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/135626207779598454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(90)32406-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2012.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-7-20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1996.01100130329019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2009.117"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09273948.2016.1202289"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.3190"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000479559"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001534"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.097311"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"2147","article-title":"Analysis of malpractice claims filed against retina specialists based on practice location: Is there a litigious trend?","volume":"56","author":"Laurenti K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Laurenti K, Kim JE. 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