{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:08:07Z","timestamp":1787508487682,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SLACK, Inc.","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"\n Background and Objective:<\/jats:title>\n This study investigated changes in retinal nerve fiber layers (RNFL) in patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to healthy control patients, using optical coherence tomography.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched for published articles comparing RNFL between patients with COPD and healthy controls. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to compare continuous variables.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Average RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in COPD patients compared to healthy controls (SMD = \u22120.31, 95% CI = \u22120.48 to \u22120.14,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0004, I\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0%). Average RNFL thickness did not differ significantly between patients with mild\/moderate COPD and healthy controls (SMD = \u22120.17, 95% CI = \u22120.39 to 0.04,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.12, I\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 2%), while a statistically significant reduction in average RNFL thickness was noticed in patients with severe COPD compared to healthy controls (SMD = \u22120.72, 95% CI = \u22121.23 to \u22120.21,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.006, I\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 83%). Average RNFL thickness was significantly higher in patients with mild\/moderate COPD compared to patients with severe COPD (S\n MD<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.29 to 1.09,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.0008, I\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 66%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n This meta-analysis showed that RNFL thickness was decreased in patients with COPD compared to healthy controls. Patients diagnosed with severe COPD seem to be more affected and have thinner RNFL.<\/jats:p>\n \n \n [\n Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina<\/jats:italic>\n 2024;55:334\u2013342.]\n <\/jats:bold>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20240220-01","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T15:54:00Z","timestamp":1711468440000},"page":"334-342","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Changes in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Compared to Healthy Controls: A Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3928","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Kazantzis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genovefa","family":"Machairoudia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stylianos","family":"Kandarakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Theodossiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Theodossiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irini","family":"Chatziralli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2308","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201701-0218PP"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.05.020415"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajp-cell.00110.2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"199","article-title":"Hypoxemia in patients with COPD: cause, effects, and disease progression","volume":"6","author":"Kent BD","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kent BD, Mitchell PD, McNicholas WT. 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