{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T03:31:03Z","timestamp":1794022263623,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"AVES YAYINCILIK A.\u015e.","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["AOTT"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abstract\n\nObjectives: We evaluated retrograde locked intramedullary nail applications in patients with distal femur fractures.\\r\\nMethods: Distal femur fractures of 16 patients (11 males, 5 females; mean age 45 years; range 25 to 69 years) were treated with retrograde locked intramedullary nailing. One patient had bilateral fractures. According to the AO classification, the fractures were A1 (n=8), A2 (n=4), A3 (n=4), and C1 (n=1). There were 13 closed (76.5%), and four open (23.5%) fractures. The mean time to surgery was 10 days (range 2 to 20 days). Open technique was used for nine fractures, and percutaneous technique for eight fractures. Preoperatively, three patients with a floating knee were evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging and were found to have a ruptured cruciate ligament. All patients underwent intraoperative knee examination, which showed a ruptured cruciate ligament in five patients. Functional results were assessed using the modified HSS (Hospital for Special Surgery) knee rating scale at the end of a mean follow-up period of 32.6 months (range (12 to 68 months).\\r\\nResults: The mean time to union was 25 weeks (range 14 to 42 weeks). One patient had delayed union (42 weeks). Joint range of motion was normal in three knees (17.7%), was 100 to 110\u00b0 in nine knees (52.9%), 80\u00b0 in four knees (23.5%), and below 80\u00b0 in one knee (5.9%). According to the modified HSS knee scale, the results were excellent in five femurs (29.4%), good in six femurs (35.3%), moderate in five femurs, and poor in one femur (5.9%). Postoperative radiographic examination showed varus angulation (10\u00b0) in four patients (23.5%), and posterior angulation (10-20\u00b0) in four patients. In one patient, healing occurred with extreme deformation (30\u00b0 posterior angulation). None of the patients experienced wound site problems or infections. One patient developed deep vein thrombosis in the early postoperative period.\\r\\nConclusion: Treatment of distal femur fractures with retrograde locked intramedullary nailing yields satisfactory results in adults.\n\n\u00d6zet\n\nAma\u00e7: Femur distal u\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131 hastalarda retrograd kilitli intramed\u00fcller (\u0130M) \u00e7ivi uygulamas\u0131 de\u011ferlendirildi.\\r\\n\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma plan\u0131: Suprakondiler femur k\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle 16 hasta (11 erkek, 5 kad\u0131n; ort. ya\u015f 45; da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m 25-69) retrograd kilitli \u0130M \u00e7ivileme ile tedavi edildi. Bir olguda iki tarafl\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131k vard\u0131. K\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n AO s\u0131n\u0131flamas\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi: A1 (n=8), A2 (n=4), A3 (n=4), C1 (n=1). On \u00fc\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131k (%76.5) kapal\u0131, d\u00f6rd\u00fc (%23.5) a\u00e7\u0131k k\u0131r\u0131k idi. Hastalar travma sonras\u0131 ortalama 10. g\u00fcnde (da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m 2-20 g\u00fcn) ameliyat edildi. Dokuz k\u0131r\u0131kta a\u00e7\u0131k giri\u015fim, sekizinde perk\u00fctan teknik (mini artrotomi) kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ameliyat \u00f6ncesinde y\u00fczen diz sorunu olan \u00fc\u00e7 hasta manyetik rezonans g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme ile incelendi ve bu hastalarda \u00e7apraz ba\u011f y\u0131rt\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptand\u0131. T\u00fcm hastalara ameliyat s\u0131ras\u0131nda diz muayenesi yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve be\u015f hastada \u00e7apraz ba\u011f y\u0131rt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Hastalar ortalama 32.6 ay (da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m 12-68 ay) izlendi. Son kontrollerde fonksiyonel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde modifiye HSS (Hospital for Special Surgery) diz de\u011ferlendirme \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi kullan\u0131ld\u0131. \\r\\nSonu\u00e7lar: Ortalama kaynama s\u00fcresi 25 hafta (da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m 14-42 hafta) bulundu. Bir hastada ge\u00e7 kaynama (42 hafta) g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Eklem hareket a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 dizde (%17.7) normal bulunurken, dokuz dizde (%52.9) 100-110\u00b0, d\u00f6rt dizde (%23.5) 80\u00b0, bir dizde ise (%5.9) 80 derecenin alt\u0131nda idi. Modifiye HSS diz de\u011ferlendirme \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine g\u00f6re, be\u015f femurda (%29.4) m\u00fckemmel, alt\u0131 femurda (%35.3) iyi, be\u015f femurda orta, bir femurda (%5.9) k\u00f6t\u00fc sonu\u00e7 elde edildi. Ameliyat sonras\u0131 radyografik incelemelerde, d\u00f6rt hastada (%23.5) varus a\u00e7\u0131lanmas\u0131 (10\u00b0), d\u00f6rt hastada posteriora a\u00e7\u0131lanma (10-20\u00b0) g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bir olguda ise a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 deformasyonla (30\u00b0 posteriora a\u00e7\u0131lanma) iyile\u015fme g\u00f6zlendi. Hi\u00e7bir hastada ameliyat sonras\u0131 yara yeri sorunu ya da enfeksiyon geli\u015fmedi. Bir hastada ameliyat sonras\u0131 erken d\u00f6nemde derin ven trombozu geli\u015fti. \\r\\n\u00c7\u0131kar\u0131mlar: Yeti\u015fkinlerdeki femur alt u\u00e7 k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde retrograd kilitli \u0130M \u00e7ivilemenin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 tatmin edicidir.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3944\/aott.2009.199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,16]],"date-time":"2009-08-16T08:10:56Z","timestamp":1250410256000},"page":"199-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Retrograde intramedullary interlocking nailing in fractures of the distal femur"],"prefix":"10.5152","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Volkan","family":"Gurkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haldun","family":"Orhun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Doganay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faruk","family":"Sal\u0131o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tarcan","family":"Ercan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhsin","family":"Dursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Bulbul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"3111","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]]},"container-title":["Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/download\/2266\/2223","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T11:00:19Z","timestamp":1763463619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aott.org.tr\/index.php\/pub\/article\/view\/2266"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3944\/aott.2009.199","relation":{},"ISSN":["2589-1294","1017-995X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2589-1294","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1017-995X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]]}}}