{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:29:39Z","timestamp":1793046579965,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3767,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,12]],"date-time":"2012-10-12T00:23:37Z","timestamp":1350001417000},"page":"1166S-1172S","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":224,"title":["Vitamin A and retinoic acid in T cell\u2013related immunity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"A Catharine","family":"Ross","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.3537.691","article-title":"Vitamin A as an anti-infective agent","volume":"2","author":"Green","year":"1928","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib2","first-page":"81","article-title":"Carotene and vitamin A: the anti-infective action of carotene","volume":"11","author":"Green","year":"1930","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib3","unstructured":"Mellanby E. Nutrition and disease: the interaction of clinical and experimental work. Edinburgh, United Kingdom: Oliver and Boyd, 1934."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659401500414","article-title":"McCabe, G, Ross, AC, Harvey, B. Vitamin A supplementation and child morbidity and mortality in developing countries","volume":"15","author":"Beaton","year":"1994","journal-title":"Food Nutr Bull"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665199000944","article-title":"Vitamin A and immunity to viral, bacterial and protozoan infections","volume":"58","author":"Semba","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib6","first-page":"46","article-title":"The vitamin A and mortality paradigm: past, present, and future","volume":"45","author":"Semba","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61693-6","article-title":"What works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survival","volume":"371","author":"Bhutta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034868","article-title":"A global clinical view on vitamin A and carotenoids","volume":"96","author":"Sommer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.21.1.167","article-title":"Vitamin A, infection, and immune function","volume":"21","author":"Stephensen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.3.446-464.2005","article-title":"Effects of vitamin A supplementation on immune responses and correlation with clinical outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Villamor","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib11","first-page":"90","article-title":"Progress in reducing global measles deaths: 1999-2004","volume":"81","year":"2006","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.124461","article-title":"Vitamin A as a regulator of antigen presenting cells","volume":"140","author":"Duriancik","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.7.2348","article-title":"Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins","volume":"136","author":"Mosmann","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.07.040189.001045","article-title":"Th1 and Th2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties","volume":"17","author":"Mosmann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830250629","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency results in a priming environment conducive for Th1 cell development","volume":"25","author":"Cantorna","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/117.5.857","article-title":"Impaired immunity in vitamin A deficient mice","volume":"117","author":"Smith","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.12.3736","article-title":"Retinoic acid enhances the T helper 2 cell development that is essential for robust antibody responses through its action on antigen-presenting cells","volume":"132","author":"Hoag","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4495","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.9.4495","article-title":"Vitamin A enhances in vitro Th2 development via retinoid X receptor pathway","volume":"168","author":"Stephensen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxg101","article-title":"Retinoic acids exert direct effects on T cells to suppress T(h)1 development and enhance T(h)2 development via retinoic acid receptors","volume":"15","author":"Iwata","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.10.2660","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency increases the in vivo development of IL-10-positive Th2 cells and decreases development of Th1 cells in mice","volume":"134","author":"Stephensen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2008.08.004","article-title":"Augmentation of antibody responses by retinoic acid and costimulatory molecules","volume":"21","author":"Ross","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7961","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.12.7961","article-title":"Retinoic acid and polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid stimulate robust anti-tetanus antibody production while differentially regulating type 1\/type 2 cytokines and lymphocyte populations","volume":"174","author":"Ma","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1424","article-title":"Transcription factors T-bet and Runx3 cooperate to activate Ifng and silence Il4 in T helper type 1 cells","volume":"8","author":"Djuretic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2487","article-title":"Epigenetic control of T-helper-cell differentiation","volume":"9","author":"Wilson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-1154","article-title":"All-trans retinoic acid inhibits type 1 diabetes by T regulatory (Treg)-dependent suppression of interferon-gamma-producing T-cells without affecting Th17 cells","volume":"58","author":"Van","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091442","article-title":"Nine lives: plasticity among T helper cell subsets","volume":"206","author":"Locksley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2660","article-title":"Interplay between the Th17 and Treg cell lineages: a (co)evolutionary perspective","volume":"9","author":"Weaver","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2009.04.002","article-title":"FOXP3 and the regulation of Treg\/Th17 differentiation","volume":"11","author":"Ziegler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201040391","article-title":"IL-6: regulator of Treg\/Th17 balance","volume":"40","author":"Kimura","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-065X.2003.00074.x","article-title":"The role of the nuclear hormone receptor RORgammat in the development of lymph nodes and Peyer's patches","volume":"195","author":"Eberl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2785","article-title":"FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in the human immune system","volume":"10","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1145697","article-title":"Reciprocal TH17 and regulatory T cell differentiation induced by retinoic acid","volume":"317","author":"Mucida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070719","article-title":"All-trans retinoic acid mediates enhanced T reg cell growth, differentiation and homing in the face of high levels of co-stimulation","volume":"204","author":"Benson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2008.08.001","article-title":"From the diet to the nucleus: vitamin A and TGF-\u03b2 join efforts at the mucosal interface of the intestine","volume":"21","author":"Mucida","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.4.2277","article-title":"Retinoic acid increases Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and inhibits development of Th17 cells by enhancing TGF-beta-driven Smad3 signaling and inhibiting IL-6 and IL23 receptor expression","volume":"181","author":"Xiao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14955","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M801123200","article-title":"STAT6 inhibits TGF-\u03b21-mediated Foxp3 induction through direct binding to the Foxp3 promoter, which is reverted by retinoic acid receptor","volume":"283","author":"Takaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.05.001","article-title":"Plasticity of CD4+ T cell lineage differentiation","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-01-133967","article-title":"Human CD25highFoxp3pos regulatory T cells differentiate into IL-17-producing cells","volume":"112","author":"Koenen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.12.009","article-title":"Global mapping of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 reveals specificity and plasticity in lineage fate determination of differentiating CD4+ T cells","volume":"30","author":"Wei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080707","article-title":"Selective miRNA disruption of T reg cells leads to uncontrolled autoimmunity","volume":"205","author":"Zhou","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073036","article-title":"Trophic and cytoprotective nutrition for intestinal adaptation, mucosal repair, and barrier function","volume":"23","author":"Ziegler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(00)00455-8","article-title":"Regulation of mucous differentiation and mucin gene expression in the tracheobronchial epithelium","volume":"60","author":"Gray","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2960","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.12.2960","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency has different effects on immunoglobulin A production and transport during influenza A infection in BALB\/c mice","volume":"126","author":"Gangopadhyay","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.08.011","article-title":"Retinoic acid imprints gut-homing specificity on T cells","volume":"21","author":"Iwata","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2008.09.002","article-title":"Retinoic acid production by intestinal dendritic cells and its role in T-cell trafficking","volume":"21","author":"Iwata","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939938","article-title":"Retinoic acid-induced gut tropism improves the protective capacity of Treg in acute but not in chronic gut inflammation","volume":"40","author":"Menning","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939938","article-title":"Retinoic acid-induced gut tropism improves the protective capacity of Treg in acute but not in chronic gut inflammation","volume":"40","author":"Menning","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.06.063","article-title":"High and low vitamin A therapies induce distinct FoxP3+ T-cell subsets and effectively control intestinal inflammation","volume":"137","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070590","article-title":"A functionally specialized population of mucosal CD103+ DCs induces Foxp3+ regulatory T cells via a TGF-\u03b2- and retinoic acid-dependent mechanism","volume":"204","author":"Coombes","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.20242","article-title":"Overview of retinoid metabolism and function","volume":"66","author":"Blomhoff","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.02.046","article-title":"Gut homing receptors on CD8 T cells are retinoic acid dependent and not maintained by liver dendritic or stellate cells","volume":"137","author":"Eksteen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.11.006","article-title":"Lack of retinoic acid leads to increased langerin-expressing dendritic cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissue","volume":"138","author":"Chang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09849","article-title":"Co-adjuvant effects of retinoic acid and IL-15 induce inflammatory immunity to dietary antigens","volume":"471","author":"DePaolo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2008.06.005","article-title":"Regulation of B cell proliferation and differentiation by retinoic acid","volume":"21","author":"Ertesv\u00e5g","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.4.1348","article-title":"Retinoic acid prevents phosphorylation of pRB in normal human B lymphocytes: regulation of cyclin E, cyclin A, and p21(Cip1)","volume":"94","author":"Naderi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14142","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505018102","article-title":"Vitamin A and immune function: retinoic acid modulates population dynamics in antigen receptor and CD38-stimulated splenic B cells","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2007.11.001","article-title":"Retinoic acid promotes mouse splenic B cell surface IgG expression and maturation stimulated by CD40 and IL-4","volume":"249","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.4.8.2110538","article-title":"Antibody production in vitamin A-depleted rats is impaired after immunization with bacterial polysaccharide or protein antigens","volume":"4","author":"Pasatiempo","year":"1990","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.5.1229","article-title":"Neonatal-age treatment with vitamin A delays postweaning vitamin A deficiency and increases the antibody response to T-cell dependent antigens in young adult rats fed a vitamin A-deficient diet","volume":"137","author":"Sankaranarayanan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/126.1.94","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency diminishes the salivary immunoglobulin A response and enhances the serum immunoglobulin G response to influenza A virus infection in BALB\/c mice","volume":"126","author":"Stephensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.4.558","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency alters rat neutrophil function","volume":"127","author":"Twining","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/125.8.2064","article-title":"Retinoic acid repletion restores the number of leukocytes and their subsets and stimulates natural cytotoxicity in vitamin A\u2013deficient rats","volume":"125","author":"Zhao","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3349","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.11.3349","article-title":"Vitamin A deficiency in mice causes a systemic expansion of myeloid cells","volume":"95","author":"Kuwata","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-10-4170","article-title":"Nuclear and cytoplasmic AID in extrafollicular and germinal center B cells","volume":"107","author":"Cattoretti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1476","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00282-09","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 3 ligand and retinoic acid enhance germinal center formation and increase the tetanus toxoid vaccine response","volume":"16","author":"Ma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13556","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506438102","article-title":"The anti-tetanus immune response of neonatal mice is augmented by retinoic acid combined with polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid","volume":"102","author":"Ma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2286","article-title":"TGF-\u03b2 and retinoic acid induce the microRNA miR-10a, which targets Bcl-6 and constrains the plasticity of helper T cells","volume":"13","author":"Takahashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16089","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016089","article-title":"Cyp26b1 regulates retinoic acid-dependent signals in T cells and its expression is inhibited by transforming growth factor \u03b2","volume":"6","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib69","unstructured":"Expanded Programme on Immunization. EPI Global Advisory Group Meeting E-G. Programmes for the control of vitamin A deficiency: the role of the EPI in new initiatives for the 1990\u2019s. World Health Organization 1988;October:1\u201323."},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1001672","article-title":"Expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes in mucosal dendritic cells and gut-draining lymph node stromal cells is controlled by dietary vitamin A","volume":"186","author":"Molenaar","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(93)90157-5","article-title":"Intestinal perfusion of beta-carotene in the ferret raises retinoic acid level in portal blood","volume":"1167","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1136244","article-title":"A membrane receptor for retinol binding protein mediates cellular uptake of vitamin A","volume":"315","author":"Kawaguchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/00365519309092548","article-title":"Retinol and retinyl esters in rabbit bone marrow and blood leukocytes","volume":"53","author":"Skrede","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523030241?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523030241?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/96\/5\/1166S\/23817706\/1166s.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,27]],"date-time":"2023-05-27T12:31:06Z","timestamp":1685190666000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916523030241"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916523030241"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Vitamin A and retinoic acid in T cell\u2013related immunity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.112.034637","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}