{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:16:29Z","timestamp":1791296189049,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3243,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T16:52:55Z","timestamp":1396371175000},"page":"851-859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Randomized controlled trial of maternal omega-3 long-chain PUFA supplementation during pregnancy and early childhood development of attention, working memory, and inhibitory control"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline F","family":"Gould","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Makrides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Colombo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa G","family":"Smithers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib1","series-title":"Neurology of the newborn.","first-page":"33","article-title":"Neuronal proliferation, migration, organization, and myelination","author":"Volpe","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(80)90016-X","article-title":"Extrauterine fatty acid accretion in infant brain: implications for fatty acid requirments","volume":"4","author":"Clandinin","year":"1980","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)81247-8","article-title":"Tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids during early human development","volume":"120","author":"Martinez","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.48.10.757","article-title":"Quantitative growth and development of human brain","volume":"48","author":"Dobbing","year":"1973","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.2.465","article-title":"Retinal and brain accretion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in developing felines: the effects of corn oil-based maternal diets","volume":"65","author":"Pawlosky","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0752563.x","article-title":"Behavioral deficits associated with dietary induction of decreased brain docosahexaenoic acid concentration","volume":"75","author":"Moriguchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.116.6.1022","article-title":"Cognitive deficits in docosahexaenoic acid-deficient rats","volume":"116","author":"Catalan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1080\/10284150290018973","article-title":"A decrease in cell size accompanies a loss of docosahexaenoate in the rat hippocampus","volume":"5","author":"Ahmad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutr Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.045781","article-title":"The effect of maternal omega-3 (n-3) LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy on early childhood cognitive and visual development: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"97","author":"Gould","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.5.961","article-title":"Nutrition and the development of cognitive functions: interpretation of behavioral studies in animals and human infants","volume":"84","author":"Wainwright","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1301\/nr.2003.dec.413-422","article-title":"The assessment of cognitive performance in children: considerations for detecting nutritional influences","volume":"61","author":"Hughes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"supplement","key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.6.1458S","article-title":"n-3 Fatty acids and cognitive and visual acuity development: methodologic and conceptual considerations","volume":"83","author":"Cheatham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"suppl","key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.2.614S","article-title":"Nutrition and the developing brain: nutrient priorities and measurement","volume":"85","author":"Georgieff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1080\/026990598121990","article-title":"Attentional skills following traumatic brain injury in childhood: a componential analysis","volume":"12","author":"Anderson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.43.4.947","article-title":"Links between behavioral regulation and preschoolers\u2019 literacy, vocabulary, and math skills","volume":"43","author":"McClelland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Psychol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.2307\/1131828","article-title":"Inhibitory control in young children and its role in emerging internalization","volume":"67","author":"Kochanska","year":"1996","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326942dn2601_6","article-title":"The contribution of executive functions to emergent mathematic skills in preschool children","volume":"26","author":"Espy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1076\/chin.9.4.267.23513","article-title":"Concurrent and 2-year longitudinal relations between executive function and the behavior of 1st and 2nd grade children","volume":"9","author":"Riggs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1080\/87565641.2010.508545","article-title":"Individual differences in developmental trajectories of A-not-B performance in infants born preterm","volume":"35","author":"van de Weijer-Bergsma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib20","series-title":"Cognitive neuroscience of attention; a developmental perspective.","first-page":"28","article-title":"Frontal lobe function during infancy: implications for the development of cognition and attention.","author":"Bell","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib21","series-title":"Cognitive neuroscience of attention; a developmental perspective.","first-page":"419","article-title":"Summary and commentary. Selective attention: its measurement in a developmental framework.","author":"Ruff","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.103.3.526","article-title":"Successful performance by monkeys with lesions of the hippocampal formation on AB and object retrieval, two tasks that mark developmental changes in human infants","volume":"103","author":"Diamond","year":"1989","journal-title":"Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.2307\/1131523","article-title":"The relations between frontal brain electrical activity and cognitive development during infancy","volume":"63","author":"Bell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00737.x","article-title":"Maternal DHA and the development of attention in infancy and toddlerhood","volume":"75","author":"Colombo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/87565640802646734","article-title":"Maternal DHA levels and toddler free-play attention","volume":"34","author":"Kannass","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1507","article-title":"Effect of DHA supplementation during pregnancy on maternal depression and neurodevelopment of young children: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"304","author":"Makrides","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.009647","article-title":"Maternal supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy does not affect early visual development in the infant: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"93","author":"Smithers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(86)80853-8","article-title":"Home Screening Questionnaire: its validity in assessing home environment","volume":"108","author":"Frankenburg","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00351","article-title":"Tests of a dynamic systems account of the A-not-B error: the influence of prior experience on the spatial memory abilities of two-year-olds","volume":"72","author":"Spencer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plefa.2008.09.015","article-title":"Effect of two doses of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the diet of preterm infants on infant fatty acid status: results from the DINO trial","volume":"79","author":"Smithers","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9507.00093","article-title":"Theory of mind in preadolescence: relations between social understanding and social competence","volume":"8","author":"Bosacki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Soc Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1763","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.5.1763","article-title":"Brain development, gender and IQ in children: a volumetric imaging study","volume":"119","author":"Reiss","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7280.226","article-title":"Sifting the evidence-what\u2019s wrong with significance tests?","volume":"322","author":"Sterne","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:2005047","article-title":"Conversion of alpha-linolenic acid to longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human adults","volume":"45","author":"Burdge","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reprod Nutr Dev"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.05.010","article-title":"Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) transfer across the placenta","volume":"27","author":"Hanebutt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199001000-00010","article-title":"No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons","volume":"1","author":"Rothman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Epidemiology"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523050219?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002916523050219?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajcn\/article-pdf\/99\/4\/851\/23831329\/851.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T02:52:55Z","timestamp":1746154375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002916523050219"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002916523050219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9165"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9165","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Randomized controlled trial of maternal omega-3 long-chain PUFA supplementation during pregnancy and early childhood development of attention, working memory, and inhibitory control","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.113.069203","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}