{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:16:00Z","timestamp":1790957760701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3440,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,25]],"date-time":"2013-07-25T10:40:26Z","timestamp":1374748826000},"page":"1399-1405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Acute Ingestion of Beetroot Bread Increases Endothelium-Independent Vasodilation and Lowers Diastolic Blood Pressure in Healthy Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Ditte A.","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie G.","family":"Goulding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Malaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire F.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor W.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Methven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Lovegrove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68770-9","article-title":"Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data.","volume":"367","author":"Lopez","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/76.1.93","article-title":"Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease in US adults: the first national health and nutrition examination survey epidemiologic follow-up study.","volume":"76","author":"Bazzano","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.13.1233","article-title":"Fruit and vegetable intake in relation to risk of ischemic stroke.","volume":"282","author":"Joshipura","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-134-12-200106190-00010","article-title":"The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease.","volume":"134","author":"Joshipura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/26.1.1","article-title":"Fruit and vegetables, and cardiovascular disease: a review.","volume":"26","author":"Ness","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-006-0020-1","article-title":"The effects of macronutrients on blood pressure and lipids: an overview of the DASH and Omniheart trials.","volume":"8","author":"Miller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/78.3.517S","article-title":"Health benefits of fruit and vegetables are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals.","volume":"78","author":"Liu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.27131","article-title":"Food sources of nitrates and nitrites: the physiologic context for potential health benefits.","volume":"90","author":"Hord","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0956-7135(98)00019-X","article-title":"Dietary exposure models for nitrates and nitrites.","volume":"9","author":"Pennington","year":"1998","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17716","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1008872107","article-title":"Dietary inorganic nitrate reverses features of metabolic syndrome in endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice.","volume":"107","author":"Carlstr\u00f6m","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2008.08.003","article-title":"The increase in plasma nitrite after a dietary nitrate load is markedly attenuated by an antibacterial mouthwash.","volume":"19","author":"Govoni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.92","article-title":"A mammalian functional nitrate reductase that regulates nitrite and nitric oxide homeostasis.","volume":"4","author":"Jansson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.153536","article-title":"Inorganic nitrate supplementation lowers blood pressure in humans: role for nitrite-derived NO.","volume":"56","author":"Kapil","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103523","article-title":"Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite.","volume":"51","author":"Webb","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2066","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512000190","article-title":"Blood pressure-lowering effects of beetroot juice and novel beetroot-enriched bread products in normotensive male subjects.","volume":"108","author":"Hobbs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2792","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc062800","article-title":"Effects of dietary nitrate on blood pressure in healthy volunteers.","volume":"355","author":"Larsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro929","article-title":"Nitrate, bacteria and human health.","volume":"2","author":"Lundberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.11.1543","article-title":"Intragastric nitric oxide production in humans: measurements in expelled air.","volume":"35","author":"Lundberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2466","article-title":"The nitrate-nitrite-nitric oxide pathway in physiology and therapeutics.","volume":"7","author":"Lundberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000161048.72004.c2","article-title":"NO generation from nitrite and its role in vascular control.","volume":"25","author":"Lundberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib21","series-title":"National Diet and Nutrition Survey: headline results from years 1, 2 and 3 (combined) of the Rolling Programme (2008\/09\u20132010\/11).","author":"Bates","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib22","series-title":"Plants: diet and health: the report of a British nutrition foundation task force.","first-page":"1","article-title":"Introduction: plant foods and health.","author":"Buttriss","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-3010.2012.01975.x","article-title":"An overview of the role of bread in the UK diet.","volume":"37","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutr Bull."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/11.1.43","article-title":"Socio-economic position and coronary heart disease risk factors in youth.","volume":"11","author":"Van Lenthe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-277X.2012.01279.x","article-title":"Effects of chronic consumption of fruit and vegetable puree-based drinks on vasodilation, plasma oxidative stability and antioxidant status.","volume":"25","author":"George","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib26","first-page":"1110","article-title":"ABC of hypertension. Blood pressure measurement. Part III-automated sphygmomanometry: ambulatory blood pressure measurement.","volume":"322","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl254","article-title":"Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications.","volume":"27","author":"Laurent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1001.096106","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of a method for estimating ascending aortic pressure from the radial artery pressure waveform.","volume":"38","author":"Pauca","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8103","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.17.8103","article-title":"Oxidation of nitric oxide in aqueous solution to nitrite but not nitrate: comparison with enzymatically formed nitric oxide from L-arginine.","volume":"90","author":"Ignarro","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31003-7","article-title":"Flame photometry for measurement of sodium and potassium in biological materials.","volume":"167","author":"Hald","year":"1947","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcm.2008.02.001","article-title":"Current concepts in assessment of microvascular endothelial function using laser Doppler imaging and iontophoresis.","volume":"18","author":"Turner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Cardiovasc Med."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1999.00497.x","article-title":"Is measurement of endothelial dysfunction clinically useful?","volume":"29","author":"Stehouwer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.028","article-title":"Flavonoid-rich apples and nitrate-rich spinach augment nitric oxide status and improve endothelial function in healthy men and women: a randomized controlled trial.","volume":"52","author":"Bondonno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2012.01.004","article-title":"Inorganic nitrate ingestion improves vascular compliance but does not alter flow-mediated dilatation in healthy volunteers.","volume":"26","author":"Bahra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1177\/1753944707086935","article-title":"Review: role of the augmentation index in hypertension.","volume":"2","author":"Shimizu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00071.2011","article-title":"Dietary nitrate supplementation enhances exercise performance in peripheral arterial disease.","volume":"110","author":"Kenjale","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00206.2010","article-title":"Acute and chronic effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on blood pressure and the physiological responses to moderate-intensity and incremental exercise.","volume":"299","author":"Vanhatalo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2009.10.007","article-title":"Dietary nitrate in Japanese traditional foods lowers diastolic blood pressure in healthy volunteers.","volume":"22","author":"Sobko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90944-Z","article-title":"Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease: part 2, short-term reductions in blood pressure: overview of randomised drug trials in their epidemiological context.","volume":"335","author":"Collins","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-01-0210","article-title":"Does eNOS stand for erythrocytic NO synthase?","volume":"107","author":"Gladwin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704173361601","article-title":"A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure.","volume":"336","author":"Appel","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114510002904","article-title":"Increased potassium intake from fruit and vegetables or supplements does not lower blood pressure or improve vascular function in UK men and women with early hypertension: a randomised controlled trial.","volume":"104","author":"Berry","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.2.391","article-title":"Supplementation with cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) fruit decreases oxidative stress in healthy humans: a comparative study with vitamin C.","volume":"80","author":"Tesoriere","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050793","article-title":"The role of non-esterified fatty acids in the deterioration of glucose tolerance in Caucasian subjects: results of the Paris Prospective Study.","volume":"40","author":"Charles","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.175778_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02186.x","article-title":"The importance of free fatty acids in the development of Type 2 diabetes.","volume":"24","author":"Wilding","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabet Med."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316622012883?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316622012883?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article-pdf\/143\/9\/1399\/23976078\/1399.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T18:05:05Z","timestamp":1686679505000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316622012883"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316622012883"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.113.175778","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Acute Ingestion of Beetroot Bread Increases Endothelium-Independent Vasodilation and Lowers Diastolic Blood Pressure in Healthy Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.113.175778","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}