{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T09:03:07Z","timestamp":1792746187656,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,31]],"date-time":"2023-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3501,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"DOI":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T06:23:37Z","timestamp":1369290217000},"page":"1046-1051","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["The Niacin Required for Optimum Growth Can Be Synthesized from L-Tryptophan in Growing Mice Lacking Tryptophan-2,3-Dioxygenase1\u20133"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"Miki","family":"Terakata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Fukuwatari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Kadota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsue","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Kanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshikazu","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Funakoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsumi","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/60.suppl_1.1","article-title":"Tryptophan-niacin relationships in man. Studies with diets deficient in riboflavin and niacin, together with observations on the excretion of nitrogen and niacin metabolites","volume":"60","author":"Horwitt","year":"1956","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/64.3.339","article-title":"Tryptophan-niacin relationships in pregnancy","volume":"64","author":"Wertz","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/73.2.172","article-title":"Efficiency of tryptophan as niacin precursor in man","volume":"73","author":"Goldsmith","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(21)17314-6","article-title":"Niacin-tryptophan requirements of man","volume":"34","author":"Horwitt","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/99.3.325","article-title":"Effect in man of the addition of tryptophan or niacin to the diet on the excretion of their metabolites","volume":"99","author":"Nakagawa","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib6","first-page":"399","article-title":"Conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in healthy women","volume":"33","author":"Murata","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Nutr Food Sci."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/34.3.423","article-title":"Niacin-tryptophan relationships for evaluating niacin equivalents","volume":"34","author":"Horwitt","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.50.385","article-title":"Conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in Japanese women fed on a purified diet conforming to the Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes","volume":"50","author":"Fukuwatari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.49.149","article-title":"Vitamin intake in Japanese women college students","volume":"49","author":"Kimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1126\/science.101.2628.489","article-title":"Corn as an etiological factor in the production of a nicotinic acid deficiency in the rat","volume":"101","author":"Krehl","year":"1945","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.59.2060","article-title":"Effects of vitamin B6 deficiency on the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin","volume":"59","author":"Shibata","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biosci Biotechnol Biochem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.167569","article-title":"Truly niacin deficiency in quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) knockout mice","volume":"142","author":"Terakata","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(55)02196-4","article-title":"L-Tryptophan peroxidase from liver","volume":"2","author":"Knox","year":"1955","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(81)90406-9","article-title":"Specific induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by bacterial lipopolysaccharide in the mouse lung","volume":"212","author":"Yoshida","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)30447-7","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Purification and some properties","volume":"253","author":"Shimizu","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib16","first-page":"3527","article-title":"Restriction of Toxoplasma gondii growth in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase","volume":"69","author":"D\u00e4ubender","year":"2001","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20090","article-title":"Expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and production of quinolinic acid by human microglia, astrocytes, and neurons","volume":"49","author":"Guillemin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glia."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3596","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.7.3596","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase production by human dendric cells results in the inhibition of T cell proliferation","volume":"164","author":"Hwu","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.3.845-849.1989","article-title":"Role of tryptophan degradation in respiratory burst-independent antimicrobial activity of gamma interferon-stimulated human macrophages","volume":"57","author":"Murray","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2007.04.010","article-title":"Characterization of an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-like protein found in humans and mice","volume":"396","author":"Ball","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gene."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2008.01.005","article-title":"Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2: a new enzyme in the kynurenine pathway","volume":"41","author":"Ball","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155412458926","article-title":"Studies on tissues and cellular distribution of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2: The absence of IDO1 upregulates IDO2 expression in the epididymis","volume":"60","author":"Fukunaga","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-2-8","article-title":"Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase is a key modulator of physiological neurogenesis and anxiety-related behavior in mice","volume":"2","author":"Kanai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Brain."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib24","first-page":"811","article-title":"Tryptophan-niacin metabolism in alloxan diabetic rats and partial prevention of alloxan diabetes by nicotinamide","volume":"51","author":"Shibata","year":"1987","journal-title":"Agric Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1080\/00021369.1991.10870791","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatographic measurement of tryptophan in blood, tissues, urine, and foodstuffs with electrochemical and fluorometric detections","volume":"55","author":"Shibata","year":"1991","journal-title":"Agric Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4347(87)80460-7","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of nicotinamide in rat tissue samples and blood after extraction with diethyl ether","volume":"422","author":"Shibata","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib27","first-page":"177","article-title":"Blood NAD as an index of niacin nutrition","volume":"2","author":"Shibata","year":"1986","journal-title":"Nutr Int."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib28","first-page":"143","article-title":"Measurement of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid and anthranilic acid in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"55","author":"Shibata","year":"1991","journal-title":"Agric Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90478-2","article-title":"Determination of serum kynurenine and hepatic tryptophan dioxygenase activity by high performance liquid chromatography","volume":"172","author":"Holmes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anal Biochem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(00)83173-4","article-title":"Fluorimetric micro-determination of kynurenic acid, as endogenous blocker of neurotoxicity, by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"430","author":"Shibata","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.56.974","article-title":"Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatographic measurement of xanthurenic acid and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in urine","volume":"56","author":"Shibata","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biosci Biotechnol Biochem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2670(94)00493-6","article-title":"Determination of quinolinic acid in human urine by liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection","volume":"302","author":"Mawatari","year":"1995","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4347(00)81072-5","article-title":"Simultaneous micro-determination of nicotinamide and its major metabolitesN1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide andN1-methyl-3-pyridone-4-carboxamide, by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"424","author":"Shibata","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Chromatogr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1329","DOI":"10.1080\/00021369.1989.10869448","article-title":"High-performance liquid chromatographic measurement of nicotinamiden-oxide in urine after extracting with chloroform","volume":"53","author":"Shibata","year":"1989","journal-title":"Agric Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib35","first-page":"599","article-title":"Ultramicro-determination ofN1-methylnicotinamide in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography","volume":"61","author":"Shibata","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vitamins."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2004.02.009","article-title":"Effects of dietary di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, a putative endocrine disrupter, on enzyme activities involved in the metabolism of tryptophan to niacin in rats","volume":"1672","author":"Fukuwatari","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib37","first-page":"3037","article-title":"Tissue distribution of the enzymes concerned with the biosynthesis of NAD in rats","volume":"50","author":"Shibata","year":"1986","journal-title":"Agric Biol Chem."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.54.357","article-title":"Age-related alterations of B-group vitamin contents in urine, blood and liver from rats","volume":"54","author":"Fukuwatari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.2.406","article-title":"Diurnal variations in human urinary excretion of nicotinamide catabolites. Effects of stress on the diurnal variations","volume":"77","author":"Okamoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.54.223","article-title":"Urinary water-soluble vitamin and their metabolites contents as nutritional markers for evaluating vitamin intakes in young Japanese women","volume":"54","author":"Fukuwatari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511002339","article-title":"Different variations of tissue B-group vitamin concentrations in short- and long-term starved rats","volume":"107","author":"Moriya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2010.72","article-title":"Twenty-four-hour urinary water-soluble vitamins correlate to vitamin intakes in free-living Japanese university students","volume":"64","author":"Tsuji","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2010.02.001","article-title":"Urinary excretion of vitamin B1, B2, B6, niacin, pantothenic acid, folate, and vitamin C correlates with dietary intakes of free-living elderly, female Japanese","volume":"30","author":"Tsuji","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nutr Res."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980010001904","article-title":"Twenty-four-hour urinary water-soluble vitamin levels correlate with their intakes in free-living Japanese school children","volume":"14","author":"Tsuji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib45","first-page":"001","article-title":"Urinary water-soluble vitamins as potential nutritional biomarkers to assess their intakes","volume":"S6","author":"Fukuwatari","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Nutr Food Sci."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.113.176875_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3648","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)35696-X","article-title":"Tryptophan degradation in mice initiated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase","volume":"261","author":"Takikawa","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316622012354?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316622012354?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article-pdf\/143\/7\/1046\/23975735\/1046.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T22:03:01Z","timestamp":1686693781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316622012354"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316622012354"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.113.176875","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Niacin Required for Optimum Growth Can Be Synthesized from L-Tryptophan in Growing Mice Lacking Tryptophan-2,3-Dioxygenase1\u20133","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.113.176875","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}