{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:46:23Z","timestamp":1791308783975,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,4]],"date-time":"2023-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2531,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ajinomoto Amino Acid Research","award":["3ARP"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3ARP"]}]},{"name":"French Ministry of Higher Education"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007743","name":"European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,11]],"date-time":"2016-02-11T15:27:29Z","timestamp":1455204449000},"page":"532-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["L-Citrulline Supplementation Enhances Fetal Growth and Protein Synthesis in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Bourdon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Parnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nhat-Thang","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Winer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"Darmaun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000429658.85846.f9","article-title":"ACOG Practice bulletin no. 134: fetal growth restriction","volume":"121","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X","article-title":"Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries","volume":"382","author":"Black","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2316","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-156","article-title":"Board-invited review: intrauterine growth retardation: implications for the animal sciences","volume":"84","author":"Wu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)70513-8","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth-weight neonates with intrauterine growth restriction. The Vermont Oxford Network","volume":"182","author":"Bernstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1344S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.5.1344s","article-title":"Fetal nutrition and adult disease","volume":"71","author":"Godfrey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2011.06.025","article-title":"Role of nitric oxide in placental vascular development and function","volume":"32","author":"Krause","year":"2011","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3570593","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthases: structure, function and inhibition","volume":"357","author":"Alderton","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.6.1646S","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of arginine and related amino acids","volume":"137","author":"Cynober","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nutr."},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-013-1515-z","article-title":"Impacts of arginine nutrition on embryonic and fetal development in mammals","volume":"45","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2880S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.10.2880S","article-title":"Arginine and endothelial and vascular health","volume":"134","author":"Gornik","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1080\/14767050701419458","article-title":"Clinical use of nitric oxide donors and L-arginine in obstetrics","volume":"20","author":"de Pace","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.125658","article-title":"Parenteral administration of L-arginine prevents fetal growth restriction in undernourished ewes","volume":"140","author":"Lassala","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)80007-0","article-title":"Dietary L-arginine prevents fetal growth restriction in rats","volume":"178","author":"Vosatka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.3.652","article-title":"Dietary L-arginine supplementation enhances the reproductive performance of gilts","volume":"137","author":"Mateo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(13)90488-9","article-title":"Prolonged blockade of nitric oxide synthesis in gravid rats produces sustained hypertension, proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, and intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"170","author":"Moln\u00e1r","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.09.017","article-title":"L-Arginine treatment for asymmetric fetal growth restriction","volume":"88","author":"Xiao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2009.03.007","article-title":"L-Arginine treatment for severe vascular fetal intrauterine growth restriction: a randomized double-bind controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Winer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib18","first-page":"E473","article-title":"Source and fate of circulating citrulline","volume":"241","author":"Windmueller","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-005-0235-4","article-title":"Almost all about citrulline in mammals","volume":"29","author":"Curis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1061","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00289.2007","article-title":"Manipulation of citrulline availability in humans","volume":"293","author":"Rouge","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114507841110","article-title":"Dose-ranging effects of citrulline administration on plasma amino acids and hormonal patterns in healthy subjects: the Citrudose pharmacokinetic study","volume":"99","author":"Moinard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.108.102020","article-title":"Intravenous administration of L-citrulline to pregnant ewes is more effective than L-arginine for increasing arginine availability in the fetus","volume":"139","author":"Lassala","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3466.2006.00275.x","article-title":"Therapeutic use of citrulline in cardiovascular disease","volume":"24","author":"Romero","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drug Rev"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2013.09.008","article-title":"Two different approaches to restore renal nitric oxide and prevent hypertension in young spontaneously hypertensive rats: L-citrulline and nitrate","volume":"163","author":"Chien","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.042317","article-title":"Citrulline increases arginine pools and restores nitrogen balance after massive intestinal resection","volume":"53","author":"Osowska","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E582","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00398.2005","article-title":"Citrulline modulates muscle protein metabolism in old malnourished rats","volume":"291","author":"Osowska","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.04.019","article-title":"Citrulline stimulates muscle protein synthesis in the post-absorptive state in healthy people fed a low-protein diet\u2014a pilot study","volume":"34","author":"Jourdan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(84)90431-7","article-title":"Use of t-butyldimethylsilylation in the gas chromatographic\/mass spectrometric analysis of physiologic compounds found in plasma using electron-impact ionization","volume":"141","author":"Schwenk","year":"1984","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(93)90234-F","article-title":"Comparison of precursor pools with leucine, alpha-ketoisocaproate, and phenylalanine tracers used to measure splanchnic protein synthesis in man","volume":"42","author":"Bennet","year":"1993","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib30","first-page":"E747","article-title":"Effect of intravenous glutamine on duodenal mucosa protein synthesis in healthy growing dogs","volume":"276","author":"Marchini","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199907000-00019","article-title":"Steady state maternal-fetal leucine enrichments in normal and intrauterine growth-restricted pregnancies","volume":"46","author":"Marconi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5427","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.11.8036","article-title":"Placental transport of leucine, phenylalanine, glycine, and proline in intrauterine growth-restricted pregnancies","volume":"86","author":"Paolini","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2008.06.007","article-title":"GAPDH, 18S rRNA and YWHAZ are suitable endogenous reference genes for relative gene expression studies in placental tissues from human idiopathic fetal growth restriction","volume":"29","author":"Murthi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2012.02.005","article-title":"Long term metabolic impact of high protein neonatal feeding: a preliminary study in male rat pups born with a low birth weight","volume":"31","author":"Delamaire","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R813","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00201.2009","article-title":"The timing of \u201ccatch-up growth\u201d affects metabolism and appetite regulation in male rats born with intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"297","author":"Coupe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607190014004329","article-title":"Recent advances in parenteral and enteral nutrition: a personal perspective","volume":"14","author":"Bistrian","year":"1990","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19590042","article-title":"The determination of body composition of living animals. The daily endogenous creatinine excretion as a measure of body composition in rats","volume":"13","author":"Kumar","year":"1959","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1981.tb00930.x","article-title":"Serial changes in 24 hour creatinine clearance during normal menstrual cycles and the first trimester of pregnancy","volume":"88","author":"Davison","year":"1981","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-8-105","article-title":"The impact of maternal protein restriction during rat pregnancy upon renal expression of angiotensin receptors and vasopressin-related aquaporins","volume":"8","author":"Cornock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod64.4.1033","article-title":"Angiogenesis in the placenta","volume":"64","author":"Reynolds","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.71.495","article-title":"Gestational changes in production of NO and expression of NOS mRNA isoforms in the rat placenta","volume":"71","author":"Suzuki","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib42","first-page":"257","article-title":"Nitric oxide production increases during normal pregnancy and decreases in preeclampsia","volume":"32","author":"Choi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod64.2.666","article-title":"Perinatal development of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice","volume":"64","author":"Hefler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.7.6.7682524","article-title":"Identification of increased nitric oxide biosynthesis during pregnancy in rats","volume":"7","author":"Conrad","year":"1993","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90299-X","article-title":"Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis in rats during pregnancy produces signs similar to those of preeclampsia","volume":"169","author":"Yallampalli","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000027813.55750.E7","article-title":"Intrauterine growth retardation is associated with reduced activity and expression of the cationic amino acid transport systems y+\/hCAT-1 and y+\/hCAT-2B and lower activity of nitric oxide synthase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells","volume":"91","author":"Casanello","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib47","first-page":"727","article-title":"Endothelial nitric oxide synthase is up-regulated in the umbilical cord in pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation","volume":"23","author":"Hracsko","year":"2009","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(96)80009-9","article-title":"Nitric oxide concentrations are increased in the feto-placental circulation in intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"17","author":"Lyall","year":"1996","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.1998.770503.x","article-title":"Placental expression of endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase mRNA in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia","volume":"77","author":"Nasiell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.7.1347","article-title":"Dietary protein or arginine deficiency impairs constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthesis by young rats","volume":"129","author":"Wu","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2395","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/128.12.2395","article-title":"Maternal dietary protein deficiency decreases nitric oxide synthase and ornithine decarboxylase activities in placenta and endometrium of pigs during early gestation","volume":"128","author":"Wu","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1996.tb03055.x","article-title":"Urinary NO3- excretion as an indicator of nitric oxide formation in vivo during oral administration of L-arginine or L-name in rats","volume":"23","author":"Boger","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.07.054","article-title":"Analysis of nitrite and nitrate in biological fluids by assays based on the Griess reaction: appraisal of the Griess reaction in the L-arginine\/nitric oxide area of research","volume":"851","author":"Tsikas","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1315","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00055.2008","article-title":"Reduced citrulline availability by OTC deficiency in mice is related to reduced nitric oxide production","volume":"295","author":"Luiking","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2007.25765","article-title":"Reduced citrulline production in sepsis is related to diminished de novo arginine and nitric oxide production","volume":"89","author":"Luiking","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.10.029","article-title":"Oral supplementation with a combination of L-citrulline and L-arginine rapidly increases plasma L-arginine concentration and enhances NO bioavailability","volume":"454","author":"Morita","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13681","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506595102","article-title":"l-Citrulline and l-arginine supplementation retards the progression of high-cholesterol-diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits","volume":"102","author":"Hayashi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1002\/cbf.1766","article-title":"The effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline supplementation on biochemical parameters and the vascular aortic wall in high-fat and high-cholesterol-fed rats","volume":"29","author":"El-Kirsh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Funct"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000119192.32360.a9","article-title":"L-arginine attenuates hypertension in pregnant rats with reduced uterine perfusion pressure","volume":"43","author":"Alexander","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib60","first-page":"143","article-title":"Effect of acute and repeated immobilization stress on food and water intake, urine output and vasopressin changes in rats","volume":"22","author":"Michajlovskij","year":"1988","journal-title":"Endocrinol Exp"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C762","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00101.2001","article-title":"Expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms and detection of nitric oxide in rat placenta","volume":"282","author":"Takizawa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/3.11.995","article-title":"Changes in expression of the nitric oxide synthase isoforms in rat uterus and cervix during pregnancy and parturition","volume":"3","author":"Ali","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2007.02990.x","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism","volume":"65","author":"Schwedhelm","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2011.06.005","article-title":"Oral citrulline does not affect whole body protein metabolism in healthy human volunteers: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study","volume":"30","author":"Thibault","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92335-Q","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia","volume":"342","author":"Fickling","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70437-5","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine, a natural inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia","volume":"178","author":"Holden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01663.x","article-title":"The placenta and intrauterine programming","volume":"20","author":"Fowden","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.01.003","article-title":"Fetoplacental transport and utilization of amino acids in IUGR\u2014a review","volume":"26","author":"Regnault","year":"2005","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"Suppl A","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2005.11.010","article-title":"IFPA 2005 Award in Placentology Lecture. Human placental transport in altered fetal growth: does the placenta function as a nutrient sensor?","volume":"27","author":"Jansson","year":"2006","journal-title":"A review. Placenta"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C153","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.2002.282.1.C153","article-title":"Physiological importance of system A\u2013mediated amino acid transport to rat fetal development","volume":"282","author":"Cramer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-1153","article-title":"Maternal protein restriction in the rat inhibits placental insulin, mTOR, and STAT3 signaling and down-regulates placental amino acid transporters","volume":"152","author":"Rosario","year":"2011","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib72","first-page":"E942","article-title":"Relationship of fetal alanine uptake and placental alanine metabolism to maternal plasma alanine concentration","volume":"275","author":"Timmerman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-015-1932-2","article-title":"Citrulline and nitrogen homeostasis: an overview","volume":"47","author":"Breuillard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-1172-z","article-title":"Effects of leucine and citrulline versus non-essential amino acids on muscle protein synthesis in fasted rat: a common activation pathway?","volume":"43","author":"Le Pl\u00e9nier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2011.06.012","article-title":"l-Arginine stimulates the mTOR signaling pathway and protein synthesis in porcine trophectoderm cells","volume":"23","author":"Kong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.5.867","article-title":"Dietary arginine supplementation increases mTOR signaling activity in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigs","volume":"138","author":"Yao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annfar.2010.02.011","article-title":"[Pathophysiology of preeclampsia]","volume":"29","author":"Tsatsaris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Fr Anesth Reanim"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.107463","article-title":"Effects of undernutrition in early pregnancy on systemic small artery function in late-gestation fetal sheep","volume":"183","author":"Ozaki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2006.07.001","article-title":"Effect of gestational nutrition on vascular integrity in the murine placenta","volume":"28","author":"Rutland","year":"2007","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200204000-00014","article-title":"Vasodilation to vascular endothelial growth factor in the uterine artery of the pregnant rat is blunted by low dietary protein intake","volume":"51","author":"Itoh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1042\/cs1020553","article-title":"Low-protein diet impairs vascular relaxation in virgin and pregnant rats","volume":"102","author":"Koumentaki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib82","first-page":"935","article-title":"Down-regulation of placental transport of amino acids precedes the development of intrauterine growth restriction in rats fed a low protein diet","volume":"576","author":"Jansson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199710000-00016","article-title":"Association between the activity of the system A amino acid transporter in the microvillous plasma membrane of the human placenta and severity of fetal compromise in intrauterine growth restriction","volume":"42","author":"Glazier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-1100","article-title":"Altered placental function of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 knockout mice","volume":"150","author":"Wyrwoll","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(96)80010-5","article-title":"Protein intake in pregnancy, placental glucocorticoid metabolism and the programming of hypertension in the rat","volume":"17","author":"Langley-Evans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2011.12.013","article-title":"Gene expression patterns of the 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 enzyme in human placenta from intrauterine growth restriction: the role of impaired feto-maternal glucocorticoid metabolism","volume":"161","author":"Borzsonyi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.3945\/jn.115.221267_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2010.03.005","article-title":"Effects of maternal L-citrulline supplementation on renal function and blood pressure in offspring exposed to maternal caloric restriction: the impact of nitric oxide pathway","volume":"23","author":"Tain","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nitric Oxide"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316623005412?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022316623005412?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article-pdf\/146\/3\/532\/23973005\/jn221267.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T05:11:47Z","timestamp":1718341907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022316623005412"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022316623005412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.115.221267","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3166","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"L-Citrulline Supplementation Enhances Fetal Growth and Protein Synthesis in Rats with Intrauterine Growth Restriction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.115.221267","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 American Society of Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}