{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:03:49Z","timestamp":1763388229541,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"The Econometric Society","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ECTA"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We study reputation formation where a long\u2010run player repeatedly observes private signals and takes actions. Short\u2010run players observe the long\u2010run player's past actions but not her past signals. The long\u2010run player can thus develop a reputation for playing a distribution over actions, but not necessarily for playing a particular mapping from signals to actions. Nonetheless, we show that the long\u2010run player can secure her Stackelberg payoff if distinct commitment types are statistically distinguishable and the Stackelberg strategy is\n                    <jats:italic>confound\u2010defeating<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This property holds if and only if the Stackelberg strategy is the unique solution to an optimal transport problem. If the long\u2010run player's payoff is supermodular in one\u2010dimensional signals and actions, she secures the Stackelberg payoff if and only if the Stackelberg strategy is monotone. Applications include deterrence, delegation, signaling, and persuasion. Our results extend to the case where distinct commitment types may be indistinguishable, but the Stackelberg type is\n                    <jats:italic>salient<\/jats:italic>\n                    under the prior.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3982\/ecta23782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:00:52Z","timestamp":1763388052000},"page":"2007-2042","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Marginal Reputation"],"prefix":"10.3982","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, MIT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Wolitzky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics, MIT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2359","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"reference":[{"key":"ecta200823-bib-0001","volume-title":"Handbook of 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