{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:51:20Z","timestamp":1769518280392,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"The Econometric Society","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000269","name":"Economic and Social Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["QE"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We set up a model with on\u2010the\u2010job search in which firms infrequently post vacancies for which workers occasionally apply. The model nests the standard job ladder and stock\u2010flow models as special cases, while remaining analytically tractable and easy to estimate from standard panel data sets. The parameters from a structurally estimated model on US data are significantly different from either the restrictions imposed by a stock\u2010flow or job ladder model. Imposing these restrictions significantly understates the search option associated with employment and are, unlike our model, inconsistent with recent survey evidence and declining job finding rates and starting wage with duration of unemployment, both of which are present in the data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3982\/qe1394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T09:08:16Z","timestamp":1635498496000},"page":"1399-1430","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A job ladder model with stochastic employment opportunities"],"prefix":"10.3982","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jake","family":"Bradley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, University of Nottingham"},{"name":"IZA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Gottfries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics, University of Edinburgh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2359","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"reference":[{"key":"quan200161-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1086\/298209","volume":"7","author":"Addison","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Labor Economics"},{"key":"quan200161-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-937X.2006.00400.x","volume":"73","author":"Albrecht","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Review of Economic Studies"},{"key":"quan200161-bib-0003","unstructured":"Alvarez, F., K. 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