{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:25:00Z","timestamp":1787030700879,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"XMLink","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI16C1643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI16C1643"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thejcn.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T04:00:04Z","timestamp":1624593604000},"page":"385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Mood and Quality of Life in Korean Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.3988","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1416-7189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Sik","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6045-0693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Yeop","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9563-1849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Jin","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2624-9336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoon Ha","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2640-2107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joo Yeon","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6343-6520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwang Ik","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8933-5709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Bong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18617","reference":[{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2007.06.003","volume":"75","author":"Hitiris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2015.02.036","volume":"46","author":"Salpekar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000430","volume":"30","author":"Witt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.02.014","volume":"14","author":"Thompson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.5698\/1535-7511-16.4.236","volume":"16","author":"Pack","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.05.028","volume":"61","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13226","volume":"56","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.03.028","volume":"60","author":"Seo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001165","volume":"79","author":"Englot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1006\/ebeh.2000.0046","volume":"1","author":"Harden","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(00)00181-9","volume":"42","author":"Elger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2011.11.016","volume":"114","author":"Klinkenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1006\/ebeh.2001.0194","volume":"2","author":"Hoppe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12611","volume":"55","author":"Ryvlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002700","volume":"86","author":"Sperling","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2497","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.771","volume":"300","author":"Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl 6","key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.05402.x","volume":"42","author":"Wachi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.1.0024","volume":"92","author":"Westerveld","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1006\/ebeh.2001.0248","volume":"2","author":"Cramer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000070853","volume":"50","author":"McLachlan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.10.005","volume":"66","author":"Englot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.06.032","volume":"88S","author":"Wheless","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref23","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II","author":"Beck","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref24","first-page":"201","volume":"14","author":"Sung","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.6.893","volume":"56","author":"Beck","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref26","first-page":"185","volume":"16","author":"Yook","year":"1997","journal-title":"Korean J Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2015.11.1.32","volume":"11","author":"Seo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"Suppl 20","key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref28","first-page":"22","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref29","first-page":"45","volume":"6","author":"Yoo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Korean Epilepsy Soc"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.09.013","volume":"6","author":"Aaronson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.16010034","volume":"174","author":"Aaronson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref32","first-page":"17","volume":"6","author":"Berry","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Devices (Auckl)"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2012.724745","volume":"16","author":"Feldman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2017.06.020","volume":"44","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e318290f7ed","volume":"29","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2013","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(05)70196-9","volume":"23","author":"George","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374006-9.00019-9","volume-title":"Psychiatric controversies in epilepsy","author":"Foltz","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2009.03.012","volume":"15","author":"Reisinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2009.01436.x","volume":"120","author":"Kuehner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref40","first-page":"155","volume":"25","author":"Ciuffini","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychopathol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1535-7511.2009.01294.x","volume":"9","author":"Kanner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsy Curr"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20685","volume":"59","author":"Hesdorffer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60899-5","volume":"382","author":"Fazel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70175-8","volume":"6","author":"Christensen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.2516","volume":"73","author":"Hesdorffer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00017","volume":"9","author":"Balazs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2014.06.007","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.32201.x","volume":"43","author":"Birbeck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03325.x","volume":"5","author":"Luoni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2011.08.039","volume":"22","author":"Jehi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2010.05.021","volume":"18","author":"Park","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03213.x","volume":"52","author":"Taylor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref53","first-page":"1265","volume":"43","author":"Amar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.1.48","volume":"51","author":"Handforth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/pdf\/10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/DOIx.php?id=10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/DOIx.php?id=10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]],"date-time":"2021-06-25T04:07:40Z","timestamp":1624594060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/DOIx.php?id=10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988\/jcn.2021.17.3.385","relation":{},"ISSN":["1738-6586","2005-5013"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1738-6586","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-5013","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-07-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-26","name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-26","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-26","name":"published_online","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2021 Korean Neurological Association","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}