{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T03:14:08Z","timestamp":1783307648171,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"XMLink","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2026-25477844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2026-25477844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010418","name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IITP-2026-RS-2022-00156439"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2026-RS-2022-00156439"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010418","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thejcn.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Clin Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:38:44Z","timestamp":1783298324000},"page":"392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artificial Intelligence That Changes Clinical Neurology Practice: Translating Algorithms Into Actionable Care"],"prefix":"10.3988","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5966-5363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongcheon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."},{"name":"Research Institute for Medical Bigdata Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6270-5020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Ah","family":"Choe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea."},{"name":"Research and Management Center for Health Risk of Particulate Matter, Korea University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4646-8998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seogsong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0016-1141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ding","family":"Jie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1742-5422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinshi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6482-3511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwamin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0445-7185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Byung-Jo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"18617","reference":[{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0300-7","volume":"25","author":"Topol","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1426-2","volume":"17","author":"Kelly","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0548-6","volume":"25","author":"Wiens","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m689","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m689","volume":"368","author":"Nagendran","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0048-x","volume":"1","author":"Rudin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Mach Intell"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15182","DOI":"10.2196\/15182","volume":"8","author":"Sendak","year":"2020","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01614-0","volume":"28","author":"Rajpurkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-018-0305-z","volume":"2","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01800-1","volume":"8","author":"Singh","year":"2025","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref10","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Artificial intelligence-enabled medical devices [Internet]. cited 2026 May 11. Available from: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\/software-medical-device-samd\/artificial-intelligence-enabled-medical-devices"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2019-015135","volume":"12","author":"Murray","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.1645","volume":"80","author":"Tveit","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01637-3","volume":"400","author":"Noseworthy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2023.3206","volume":"80","author":"Martinez-Gutierrez","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis-2023-020445","volume":"16","author":"Delora","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31645-3","volume":"392","author":"Chilamkurthy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22737","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1908021116","volume":"116","author":"Kuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e070904","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-070904","volume":"377","author":"Vasey","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e078378","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-078378","volume":"385","author":"Collins","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i6","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i6","volume":"352","author":"Vickers","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1466-7","volume":"17","author":"Van Calster","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01595-0","volume":"27","author":"Seyyed-Kalantari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax2342","volume":"366","author":"Obermeyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biodatasci-092820-114757","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biomed Data Sci"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-020-00323-1","volume":"3","author":"Rieke","year":"2020","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12598","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69250-1","volume":"10","author":"Sheller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0044","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref28","unstructured":"European Parliament and the Council of the European Union. Regulation (EU) 2024\/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300\/2008, (EU) No 167\/2013, (EU) No 168\/2013, (EU) 2018\/858, (EU) 2018\/1139 and (EU) 2019\/2144 and Directives 2014\/90\/EU, (EU) 2016\/797 and (EU) 2020\/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) [Internet]. cited 2026 May 11. Available from: https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2024\/1689\/oj\/eng"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref29","unstructured":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Guidance on the review and approval of artificial intelligence (AI)-based medical devices [Internet]. cited 2026 May 11. Available from: https:\/\/www.mfds.go.kr\/eng\/brd\/m_40\/view.do?seq=72627"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref30","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health: WHO guidance [Internet]. cited 2026 May 11. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240029200"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref31","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Ethics and governance of artificial intelligence for health: guidance on large multi-modal models [Internet]. cited 2026 May 11. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240084759"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e081554","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081554","volume":"388","author":"Lekadir","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1328","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1328","volume":"369","author":"Wynants","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n2281","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n2281","volume":"375","author":"Andaur Navarro","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-021-00307-0","volume":"3","author":"Roberts","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Mach Intell"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212948","volume":"388","author":"van Dyck","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.13239","volume":"330","author":"Sims","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e082505","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-082505","volume":"388","author":"Moons","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01517-0","volume":"27","author":"Sounderajah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e537","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30218-1","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-1376","volume":"170","author":"Wolff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009","volume":"155","author":"Whiting","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e200029","DOI":"10.1148\/ryai.2020200029","volume":"2","author":"Mongan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol Artif Intell"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1037-7","volume":"26","author":"Cruz Rivera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0560","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0053","volume":"21","author":"Jung","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.0160","volume":"19","author":"Yoon","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0175","volume":"21","author":"Koo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2023.19.1.36","volume":"19","author":"Seo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0199","volume":"21","author":"Hong","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2020.16.3.448","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0038","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.18.1.96","volume":"18","author":"Gschwind","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0015","volume":"20","author":"Namgung","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0088","volume":"21","author":"Fan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26495","volume":"92","author":"Mair","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2019.3485","volume":"77","author":"Jing","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.0888","volume":"79","author":"Abou Jaoude","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2023.0289","volume":"20","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1920","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa137","volume":"143","author":"Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","volume":"30","author":"Postuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3859","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac224","volume":"145","author":"Spitzer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2022.2514","volume":"79","author":"Hakeem","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.024293","volume":"50","author":"Heo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019920953055","volume":"26","author":"Hassan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1136\/amiajnl-2011-000089","volume":"19","author":"Goddard","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Med Inform Assoc"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0942-0","volume":"26","author":"Tschandl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref69","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Marketing submission recommendations for a predetermined change control plan for artificial intelligence-enabled device software functions: guidance for industry and Food and Drug Administration staff [Internet]. cited 2026 May 11. Available from: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory-information\/search-fda-guidance-documents\/marketing-submission-recommendations-predetermined-change-control-plan-artificial-intelligence"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2024.5406","volume":"82","author":"Ripart","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5143","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13859","volume":"20","author":"Jack","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-024-00731-y","volume":"4","author":"Therriault","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Aging"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.13855","volume":"332","author":"Palmqvist","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03622-w","volume":"31","author":"Palmqvist","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03118-z","volume":"30","author":"Xue","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref76","first-page":"S116","volume":"62","author":"Beniczky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref77","first-page":"S11","volume":"61","author":"Bruno","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2010","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006545","volume":"91","author":"Arends","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105952","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105952","volume":"120","author":"Jeppesen","year":"2025","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref80","first-page":"9505","volume-title":"Sanity checks for saliency maps","author":"Adebayo","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1713973","volume":"378","author":"Albers","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1706442","volume":"378","author":"Nogueira","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e344","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.022606","volume":"50","author":"Powers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0390-y","volume":"16","author":"Bivard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3147","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030620","volume":"51","author":"Goyal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab439","volume":"145","author":"Bonkhoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31721-0","volume":"394","author":"Attia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac027","volume":"145","author":"Caciagli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14528","volume":"59","author":"Gleichgerrcht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-023-01318-7","volume":"23","author":"Kerr","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16574","volume":"61","author":"Wagstyl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(16)30158-2","volume":"15","author":"Devinsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0552","volume":"22","author":"Choi","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0288","volume":"20","author":"Cecot","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00220","volume":"11","author":"Jo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02440-2","volume":"29","author":"Schalkamp","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3646","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03209-x","volume":"30","author":"Moguilner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12756","volume":"18","author":"Hansson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A8946","volume":"47","author":"Petrella","year":"2026","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12134","volume":"324","author":"Palmqvist","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0185","volume":"21","author":"Tae","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0084-2","volume":"2","author":"Kourtis","year":"2019","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-025-00897-1","volume":"11","author":"Mancini","year":"2025","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.02.026","volume":"21","author":"Arora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01932-x","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2025.0112","volume":"82","author":"Vaillancourt","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2024.0051","volume":"20","author":"Kwon","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-023-00940-6","volume":"6","author":"Barnett","year":"2023","journal-title":"NPJ Digit Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22265-2","volume":"12","author":"Eshaghi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3414","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03901-6","volume":"31","author":"Ganjgahi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.0479","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2025.0105","volume":"21","author":"Lee","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2022.0406","volume":"19","author":"Phillips V","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05881-4","volume":"616","author":"Moor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06291-2","volume":"620","author":"Singhal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2023.0158","volume":"19","author":"Ray","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2023.0134","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2023.0338","volume":"20","author":"Ray","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2440969","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.40969","volume":"7","author":"Goh","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/pdf\/10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/DOIx.php?id=10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/DOIx.php?id=10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T02:16:08Z","timestamp":1783304168000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejcn.com\/DOIx.php?id=10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3988\/jcn.2026.0312","relation":{},"ISSN":["1738-6586","2005-5013"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1738-6586","type":"print"},{"value":"2005-5013","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-29","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-09","name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-29","name":"published_online","label":"Published online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2026 Korean Neurological Association","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","explanation":{"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"},"group":{"name":"Copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}