{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T15:52:28Z","timestamp":1759420348471,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Editorial CSIC","issue":"791","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]],"date-time":"2019-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arbor"],"abstract":"<jats:p>La Autorizaci\u00f3n de Residencia para Inversores (ARI) o visado dorado en su denominaci\u00f3n coloquial es una iniciativa que posibilita la adquisici\u00f3n del estatuto de residente a cambio de una inversi\u00f3n en el pa\u00eds de acogida. Portugal, desde 2012, y Espa\u00f1a, desde 2013, ofrecen este programa a quien lo desee y re\u00fana las condiciones exigidas. El objetivo de este art\u00edculo es desarrollar un an\u00e1lisis comparado de los visados dorados en los dos pa\u00edses concretado en cuatro momentos diferentes. Inicialmente se ofrece una caracterizaci\u00f3n de la medida y sus requisitos y se describe su evoluci\u00f3n. A continuaci\u00f3n, se aborda su conceptualizaci\u00f3n sociol\u00f3gica a trav\u00e9s de la noci\u00f3n de migraciones de capital y m\u00e1s concretamente como un fen\u00f3meno a medio camino entre la migraci\u00f3n de negocios y la inversi\u00f3n externa extranjera. Despu\u00e9s analizamos la racionalidad pol\u00edtica que estructura este tipo de inversiones a partir del enfoque neofoucaltiano de la gubernamentalidad. Por \u00faltimo, abordamos las implicaciones c\u00edvicas y cient\u00edficas de los visados dorados.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3989\/arbor.2019.791n1008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T09:50:52Z","timestamp":1554717052000},"page":"a495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Visados dorados para inversores en Espa\u00f1a y Portugal: residencia a cambio de dinero"],"prefix":"10.3989","volume":"195","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6470-1912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Ampudia de Haro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0002-6246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Gaspar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"2373","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alonso, L. E., Fern\u00e1ndez Rodr\u00edguez, C. 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Disponible en http:\/\/observador. pt\/2016\/10\/09\/antonio-costa-destaca-politica-de-alargamento-dos-vistos-gold-em-visita-a-china\/"},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o de residencia para atividade de investimento (ARI). Dados de 08 de outubro de 2012 a 30 de novembro de 2018. Servi\u00e7o de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras. Disponible en https:\/\/www.sef.pt\/pt\/Documents\/Mapa_ARI_PT_novembro18.pdf"},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"El Gobierno conceder\u00e1 la residencia a los extranjeros que compren una casa por m\u00e1s de 160.000 euros. P\u00fablico, 19 noviembre 2012. Disponible en http:\/\/ www.publico.es\/actualidad\/gobierno-concedera-residencia-extranjeros-compren.html"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Extranjeros residentes en Espa-a. A 30 de junio de 2018. Principales Resultados. Ministerio de Trabajo Migraciones y Seguridad Social. 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Disponible en http:\/\/www.elmundo. es\/elmundo\/2013\/05\/24\/suvivienda\/1369402921.html"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Paulo Portas diz que o programa que concede vistos 'gold' excedeu largamente o objetivo. RTP Not\u00edcias, 28 diciembre 2013. Disponible en http:\/\/www.rtp.pt\/ noticias\/economia\/paulo-portas-diz-que-o-programa-que-concede-vistos-gold-excedeu-largamente-o-objetivo_ n706053"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Paulo Portas: \"Estamos dispon\u00edveis para melhorar sistema dos vistos gold\". P\u00fablico, 12 marzo 2015. Disponible en https:\/\/www.publico.pt\/2015\/03\/12\/ politica\/noticia\/paulo-portas-estamos-disponiveis-para-melhorar-sistema-dos-vistos-gold-1688971"},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Rajoy sobre la residencia para compradores: 'Tenemos que vender stock'. El Mundo, 19 noviembre 2012. Disponible en http:\/\/ www.elmundo.es\/elmundo\/2012\/11\/19\/ espana\/1353331380.html"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Relat\u00f3rio de Imigra\u00e7\u00e3o, Fronteiras e Asilo. 2017. Servi\u00e7o de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras. Disponible en https:\/\/sefstat.sef.pt\/ Docs\/Rifa2017.pdf"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Vistos Gold. \"N\u00e3o \u00e9 por haver uma fraude numa avalia\u00e7\u00e3o que se acaba com os exames\", diz Portas. Di\u00e1rio de Not\u00edcias, 12 marzo 2015. Disponible en http:\/\/ www.dn.pt\/politica\/interior\/vistos-gold-nao-e-por-haver-uma-fraude-numa-avaliacao-que-se-acaba-com-os-exames-diz-portas-4450033.html"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Vistos gold: Quatro anos s\u00e3o positivos mas programa est\u00e1 longe de ser principal arma para captar investimento. Observador, 7 octubre 2016. Disponible en http:\/\/observador.pt\/2016\/10\/07\/ vistos-gold-quatro-anos-sao-positivos-mas-programa-esta-longe-de-ser-principal-arma-para-captar-investimento\/"}],"container-title":["Arbor"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/arbor.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/arbor\/article\/download\/2310\/3324","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arbor.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/arbor\/article\/download\/2310\/3325","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arbor.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/arbor\/article\/download\/2310\/3326","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/arbor.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/arbor\/article\/download\/2310\/3325","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T13:57:23Z","timestamp":1739455043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arbor.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/arbor\/article\/view\/2310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"791","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3989\/arbor.2019.791n1008","relation":{},"ISSN":["1988-303X","0210-1963"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1988-303X"},{"type":"print","value":"0210-1963"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,30]]}}}