{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T21:33:44Z","timestamp":1778535224326,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE)","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Onl. Eng."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Color vision deficiency (CVD) affects learning outcomes, career opportunities, and daily life, but early screening in Vietnam remains limited. This study introduces an Android-based mobile health (mHealth) application for CVD screening, integrated with an artificial intelligence (AI) module for career guidance. The app was deployed with 527 high school students in Da Nang and validated against standard printed Ishihara plates. Results showed complete agreement with the traditional test, faster screening time, and positive feedback on ease of use and usefulness. The majority of students rated the CVD simulation and career guidance functions as valuable. This research contributes by (1) validating a CVD mHealth tool on a large student population in real educational settings, (2) integrating AI to link health screening with career orientation, and (3) demonstrating a cost-effective, scalable digital solution that supports both school health programs and personalized career counseling. The findings emphasize the role of engineering innovations in enhancing education and health support for students.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3991\/ijoe.v21i14.58157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T11:56:20Z","timestamp":1765540580000},"page":"138-155","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Android-Based mHealth App for Color Vision Screening and Career Guidance: Design and Validation"],"prefix":"10.3991","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4966-0352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thi Yen","family":"Phan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1176-8248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinh","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2204-5539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Van Thanh","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2371","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[1] M. A. Khizer, U. Ijaz, T. A. Khan, S. Khan, T. Liaqat, A. Jamal, I. Zahid, H. G. Shah, and M. A. Zahid, \u201cSmartphone color vision testing as an alternative to the conventional Ishihara booklet,\u201d Cureus, vol. 14, no. 10, p. e30747, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.7759\/cureus.30747. PMID: 36457596; PMCID: PMC9705065.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.30747"},{"key":"2457","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[2] M. P. Simunovic, \u201cColor vision deficiency,\u201d Surv. Ophthalmol., vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 132\u2013155, 2016, doi: 10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.07.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.11.004"},{"key":"2459","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[3] S. R. Male, B. R. Shamanna, R. Bhardwaj, C. Bhagvati, and B. Theagarayan, \u201cColor vision devices for color vision deficiency patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis,\u201d Health Sci. Rep., vol. 5, no. 5, p. e842, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.1002\/hsr2.842. PMID: 36189411; PMCID: PMC9498227.","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.842"},{"key":"2461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[4] S. J. Dain, \u201cClinical color vision tests,\u201d Clin. Exp. Optom., vol. 87, no. 4\u20135, pp. 276\u2013293, 2004, doi: 10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2004.tb05055.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.2004.tb05057.x"},{"key":"2463","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[5] Fanlo-Zarazaga, J. I. Echevarr\u00eda, J. Pinilla, A. Alejandre, T. P\u00e9rez-Roche, D. Guti\u00e9rrez, M. Ort\u00edn, and V. Pueyo, \u201cValidation of a new digital and automated color perception test,\u201d Diagnostics, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 396, 2024, doi: 10.3390\/diagnostics14040396.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14040396"},{"key":"2465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[6] T. Bano, J. S. Wolffsohn, and A. L. Sheppard, \u201cAssessment of visual function using mobile apps,\u201d Eye, vol. 38, pp. 2406\u20132414, 2024, doi: 10.1038\/s41433-024-03031-2.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-024-03031-2"},{"key":"2467","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[7] C. Goh, M. Puah, Z. H. Toh, et al., \u201cMobile apps and visual function assessment: A comprehensive review of the latest advancements,\u201d Ophthalmol. Ther., vol. 14, pp. 23\u201339, 2025, doi: 10.1007\/s40123-024-01071-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-024-01071-1"},{"key":"2469","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[8] M. Abbas, M. Alzubaidi, and H. Alzubaidi, \u201cMobile health applications: Current state and future opportunities in healthcare systems,\u201d Journal of Personalized Medicine, vol. 13, no. 5, p. 773, 2023, doi: 10.3390\/jpm13050773.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13050773"},{"key":"2471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[9] A. Haque and S. Rahman, \u201cThe role of mobile health (mHealth) in improving adolescent healthcare: Opportunities and challenges,\u201d Healthcare, vol. 10, no. 8, p. 1472, 2022, doi: 10.3390\/healthcare10081472.","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10081472"},{"key":"2473","unstructured":"[10] S. Morita, Y. Zhang, T. Yamauchi, S. Chen, J. Li, and K. Tei, \u201cAugmented reality support for color vision deficiency using language models,\u201d arXiv preprint, arXiv:2407.04362, 2024, doi: 10.48550\/arXiv.2407.04362."},{"key":"2475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[11] E. J. Ticlavilca-Inche, M. I. Moreno-Lozano, P. Casta\u00f1eda, S. Wong-Durand, and A. O\u00f1ate-Andino, \u201cMobile application based on convolutional neural networks for pterygium detection in anterior segment eye images at ophthalmological medical centers,\u201d Int. J. Online Biomed. Eng. (iJOE), vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 115\u2013138, 2024, doi: 10.3991\/ijoe.v20i08.48421.","DOI":"10.3991\/ijoe.v20i08.48421"},{"key":"2477","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[12] M. I. Waly, F. Alshammari, M. E. Alshammari, and M. Algahtany, \u201cAssessing subjective visual vertical reliability: A comparison of the \u2018Bucket Test,\u2019 a mobile app, and a virtual system,\u201d Int. J. Online Biomed. Eng. (iJOE), vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 149\u2013165, 2024, doi: 10.3991\/ijoe.v20i02.45981.","DOI":"10.3991\/ijoe.v20i02.45981"},{"key":"2479","unstructured":"[13] P. T. Yen, \u201cInformation technology\u2013based model for school-based CVD surveys,\u201d J. Syst. Eng. Electron., vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 215\u2013232, 2025, doi: 10.14118\/jsee.2025.V35I5.2255."},{"key":"2481","unstructured":"[14] L. M. Duc, Assessment of Visual Function in Students of People\u2019s Security Academies and Universities in the Hanoi Area, Ph.D. dissertation, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2020."},{"key":"2483","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"[15] M. P. Simunovic, \u201cColour vision: A review of congenital and acquired disorders,\u201d Eye, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 747\u2013755, 2010, doi: 10.1038\/eye.2009.251.","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2009.251"},{"key":"2485","unstructured":"[16] A. C. D. Almeida, J. E. A. S. Santos, and M. J. G. Silva, \u201cEvaluation of a prototype mobile application based on expert system for diagnosis of Aedes-aegypti-transmitted diseases,\u201d Int. J. Online Biomed. Eng. (iJOE), vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 90\u2013105, 2023, doi: 10.3991\/ijoe.v19i11.41431."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/online-journals.org\/index.php\/i-joe\/article\/download\/58157\/16835","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online-journals.org\/index.php\/i-joe\/article\/download\/58157\/16835","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T11:56:24Z","timestamp":1765540584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/online-journals.org\/index.php\/i-joe\/article\/view\/58157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijoe.v21i14.58157","relation":{},"ISSN":["2626-8493"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2626-8493","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]}}}