{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T09:59:10Z","timestamp":1775815150879,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE)","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int. J. Onl. Eng."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Inefficient non-clinical information delivery in medical centers burdens patients and staff, despite the potential of LLM-enhanced humanoid robots. Practical deployment faces critical hurdles: high cloud-LLM latencies, on-robot computational limits, and lacking secure, distributed knowledge sharing under strict privacy regulations. This paper introduces Dynamic LLM Routing for Smart Medical Robots, a framework designed for clinical question-answering systems. Our hybrid edge-cloud architecture integrates three core innovations: a dynamic LLM selection mechanism routing queries based on context (complexity, domain, and urgency), an optimized edge computing layer for privacy-preserving local processing, and an intelligent, privacy-preserving caching system enabling secure knowledge sharing and continuous learning. Evaluated on 7,500 authentic hospital queries, our system achieved a 50% reduction in average response latency (0.62s vs. 1.23s), an 89.7% completion rate, and a 62% reduction in external data transmission (73% cache hit rate). These results demonstrate our framework\u2019s efficacy in enabling scalable, efficient, and privacy-compliant AI-powered humanoid robots for critical healthcare information delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3991\/ijoe.v22i04.57551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T09:19:45Z","timestamp":1775812785000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Smart Medical Robots: Dynamic LLM Routing for Question-Answering Systems"],"prefix":"10.3991","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7188-5972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tung","family":"Vu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2027-5594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kien","family":"Luong Trung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thuan","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5766-1292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh Quang","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phuong Anh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ngoc","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2371","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"container-title":["International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/online-journals.org\/index.php\/i-joe\/article\/download\/57551\/17155","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/online-journals.org\/index.php\/i-joe\/article\/download\/57551\/17155","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T09:19:46Z","timestamp":1775812786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/online-journals.org\/index.php\/i-joe\/article\/view\/57551"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3991\/ijoe.v22i04.57551","relation":{},"ISSN":["2626-8493"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2626-8493","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]}}}