{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T06:56:06Z","timestamp":1757314566200,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Near Surface Geophysics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study is a test of the applicability of the VLF\u2010EM method in archaeological prospecting. The Hawara area is about 90 km south of Cairo and is the location of an important archaeological site known as the labyrinth mortuary temple complex, situated south of the Hawara pyramid. No official excavations have been carried out in the labyrinth complex since 1911. VLF\u2010EM was employed in this study using a small grid, 2 m between profiles and stations. The measured data were interpreted using Fraser and Karous\u2010Hjelt filters. Two\u2010dimensional (2D) resistivity cross\u2010sections have been calculated inverting VLF\u2010EM data in a quantitative manner. A three\u2010dimensional (3D) resistivity inversion scheme has been applied to a grid of nine Schlumberger vertical electrical soundings to provide information on the resistivity of the shallow and deep structures in the study area. Results show a large group of elongated and square subsurface anomalies at shallow depths, connected in some parts and separated in others. The spatial distribution of the anomalies significantly matches a historical description by Herodotus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3997\/1873-0604.2010004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,19]],"date-time":"2010-05-19T11:36:15Z","timestamp":1274268975000},"page":"203-212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["VLF\u2010EM study for archaeological investigation of the labyrinth mortuary temple complex at Hawara area, Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mohamed Ahmed","family":"Khalil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) 11421 Helwan Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"University of Lisbon Centro de Geof\u00edsica da Universidade de Lisboa \u2013 IDL Campo Grande, Ed. C8 1749\u2010016 Lisbon Portugal"}]},{"given":"Abbas Mohamed","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) 11421 Helwan Cairo Egypt"}]},{"given":"Fernando A. Monteiro","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lisbon Centro de Geof\u00edsica da Universidade de Lisboa \u2013 IDL Campo Grande, Ed. C8 1749\u2010016 Lisbon Portugal"}]},{"given":"Hany S.A.","family":"Mesbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) 11421 Helwan Cairo Egypt"}]},{"given":"Usama","family":"Massoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) 11421 Helwan Cairo Egypt"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1163\/9789004663374","volume-title":"Herodotus\u2019s Autopsy of the Fayoum: Lake Moeris and the Labyrinth of Egypt.","author":"Armayor O.K.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Das Labyrinth und seine Vorbilder","volume":"35","author":"Arnold D.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Mitteilungen des Deutschen Arch\u00e4ologischen Institus Kairo"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1444148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_5_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"EM\u2010VLF soundings on the Eastern Hill of the archaeological site of Selinunte","volume":"34","author":"Bozzo E.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata"},{"volume-title":"The Fayum and Lake Moeris.","year":"1892","author":"Brown R.H.","key":"e_1_2_9_1_6_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1090\/S0025-5718-1965-0198670-6"},{"volume-title":"Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt: A Study in Cultural Ecology.","year":"1976","author":"Butzer K.W.","key":"e_1_2_9_1_8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1440065"},{"journal-title":"One Passage in Histories.","first-page":"148","author":"Herodotus. ca. 484\u2013430 BC.","key":"e_1_2_9_1_10_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_11_1","article-title":"Description des ruines situ\u00e9es pr\u00e8s de la pyramide de Haou\u00e2rah, consider\u00e9es comme les restes du labyrinthe, en comparaison de ces ruines avec les r\u00e9cits des anciens","author":"Jomard E.","year":"1822","journal-title":"Description de la \u00c9gypte, ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 faites en \u00c9gypte pendant l\u2019exp\u00e9dition de l\u2019arm\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise"},{"volume-title":"Determination of apparent current density from VLF measurements. 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