{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T12:32:11Z","timestamp":1774441931090,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"OpenEdition","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["lerhistoria"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Em 1961 e 1962, a administra\u00e7\u00e3o imperial portuguesa encetou uma s\u00e9rie de reformas pol\u00edticas, administrativas e sociais, pondo fim ao regime de indigenato. Este artigo demonstra que, tanto no tempo como no conte\u00fado, essas din\u00e2micas de mudan\u00e7a pol\u00edtica e legal se relacionaram estreitamente com actores, acontecimentos e processos situados al\u00e9m das fronteiras do imp\u00e9rio, em articula\u00e7\u00e3o com l\u00f3gicas locais, nos planos nacional e colonial. S\u00f3 a partir de uma an\u00e1lise integrada destas rela\u00e7\u00f5es podem tais reformas ser rigorosamente compreendidas. Com uma hist\u00f3ria longa, que n\u00e3o se esgota nesse bi\u00e9nio, tais din\u00e2micas de mudan\u00e7a foram significativamente marcadas pela participa\u00e7\u00e3o das autoridades portuguesas numa disputada conversa\u00e7\u00e3o \u2013 de origem, alcance e impacto global, envolvendo diferentes institui\u00e7\u00f5es e geografias \u2013 sobre as m\u00faltiplas configura\u00e7\u00f5es da diferen\u00e7a \u00e9tnico-racial e sociocultural e os contestados postulados da soberania e da autodetermina\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edticas. Este artigo faz parte do dossier tem\u00e1tico sobre Organiza\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais na Era da Descoloniza\u00e7\u00e3o, organizado por Jos\u00e9 Pedro Monteiro.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4000\/12c7i","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,9]],"date-time":"2024-10-09T15:23:00Z","timestamp":1728487380000},"page":"89-115","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Auto-determina\u00e7\u00e3o, cidadania e organiza\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais: reinventando as pol\u00edticas do imp\u00e9rio portugu\u00eas, 1955-1962"],"prefix":"10.4000","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Miguel Bandeira","family":"Jer\u00f3nimo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHSC, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Pedro","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CECS, Universidade do Minho, Portugal"}]}],"member":"2399","reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Bender, Gerald (1978). Angola under the Portuguese. Berkeley: University of California Press."},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23943\/princeton\/9780691161310.001.0001"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, Frederick (2023). \u201cQuestioning Colonialism, 2005-2023\u201d. Ler Hist\u00f3ria, 82, pp. 11-24.","DOI":"10.4000\/lerhistoria.11970"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Curto, Diogo Ramada; Cruz, Bernardo (2015). \u201cDestribaliza\u00e7\u00e3o, regedorias e desenvolvimento comunit\u00e1rio: notas acerca do pensamento colonial portugu\u00eas (1910-1965)\u201d.\u00a0Pr\u00e1ticas da Hist\u00f3ria, 1 (1), pp. 113-172."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Domingos, Nuno (2013). \u201cA desigualdade como legado da cidade colonial: racismo e reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o da m\u00e3o de obra em Louren\u00e7o Marques\u201d, in N. Domingos, E. Peralta (ed), Cidade e Imp\u00e9rio. Lisboa: Edi\u00e7\u00f5es 70, pp. 59-112."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781351044035"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Ayouty, Yassin (1972). The United Nations and Decolonization. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-7525-8"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Freitas, Jo\u00e3o Costa (1961). Conceito de Ind\u00edgena e Regime de Indigenato. Lisboa: ISCSPU (Tese de Licenciatura)."},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Gaiduk, Ilya (2013). Divided Together. Stanford: Stanford U. Press."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691184340"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Havik, Philip; Monteiro, Jos\u00e9 Pedro (2021). \u201cPortugal, the World Health Organization and the Regional Office for Africa: From Founding Member to Outcast (1948-49 -1966)\u201d. Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 49 (4), pp. 712-741.","DOI":"10.1080\/03086534.2021.1892374"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jer\u00f3nimo, Miguel Bandeira (2023). \u201cLes organismes inter-imp\u00e9riaux et l'internationalisation des politiques sociales (des ann\u00e9es 1940 aux ann\u00e9es 1960)\u201d. \u00c9tudes Internationales, 54 (1), pp. 23-50.","DOI":"10.7202\/1110732ar"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Jer\u00f3nimo, Miguel Bandeira; Monteiro, Jos\u00e9 Pedro (2014). \u201cO imp\u00e9rio do trabalho. Portugal, as din\u00e2micas do internacionalismo e os mundos coloniais\u201d, in M. B. Jer\u00f3nimo, A. C. Pinto (eds), Portugal e o Fim do Colonialismo. Lisboa: Edi\u00e7\u00f5es 70, pp. 15-54."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jer\u00f3nimo, Miguel Bandeira; Monteiro, Jos\u00e9 Pedro (2020). \u201c\u2018The Inventors of ': Human Rights in Africa': Portugal, Late Colonialism and the UN Human Rights Regime\u201d, in A. D. Moses, M. Duranti, R. Burke (eds), Decolonization, Self-Determination and the Rise of Global Human Rights Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge U. Press, pp. 285-315.","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108783170.015"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jer\u00f3nimo, Miguel Bandeira; Pinto, Ant\u00f3nio Costa (org) (2013). \u201cInternational Dimensions of Portuguese Late Colonialism and Decolonization\u201d. Portuguese Studies, 29 (2), pp. 137-276.","DOI":"10.5699\/portstudies.29.2.0137"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jer\u00f3nimo, Miguel Bandeira; Pinto, Ant\u00f3nio Costa (2015). \u201cA Modernizing Empire? Politics, Culture and Economy in Portuguese Late Colonialism\u201d, in M. B. Jer\u00f3nimo, A. C. Pinto (org), The Ends of European Colonial Empires. Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 51-80.","DOI":"10.1057\/9781137394064_3"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kagan-Guthrie, Zachary (2018). Bound for Work. Charlottesville:\u00a0University of Virginia Press.","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv3t5qsz"},{"key":"ref17","unstructured":"Keese, Alexander (2004). \u201cDos abusos \u00e0s revoltas? Trabalho for\u00e7ado, reformas portuguesas, pol\u00edtica \u2018tradicional' e religi\u00e3o na Baixa de Cassange e no Distrito do Congo (Angola), 1957-7-1961\u201d. Africana Studia, 7, pp. 247-276."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keese, Alexander (2012). \u201cThe Constraints of Late Colonial Reform Policy: Forced Labour Scandals in the Portuguese Congo (Angola) and the Limits of Reform under Authoritarian Colonial Rule, 1955-1961\u201d. Portuguese Studies, 28 (2), pp. 186-200.","DOI":"10.1353\/port.2012.0014"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keese, Alexander (2015). \u201cDevelopmentalist Attitudes and Old Habits: Portuguese Labour Policies, South African Rivalry and Flight in Southern Angola, 1945-1974\u201d. Journal of Southern African Studies, 41 (2), pp. 237-253.","DOI":"10.1080\/03057070.2015.1012908"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kent, John (1992). The Internationalisation of Colonialism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198203025.001.0001"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Langenhove, Fernand van (1954). La question des aborige\u0300nes aux Nations Unies. Bruxelles: Institut Royal Colonial Belge."},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Louis, William Roger (1977). Imperialism at Bay, 1941-1945. Oxford: OUP."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Martins, Fernando (1998). \u201cA pol\u00edtica externa do Estado Novo, o ultramar e a ONU: uma doutrina hist\u00f3rico-jur\u00eddica (1955-1968)\u201d. Pen\u00e9lope, 18, pp. 189-206."},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Martins, Fernando (2015). \u201c\u2018A crise da paz' \u2013 Portugal e a Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas, das origens \u00e0 admiss\u00e3o (1945-1955)\u201d. Rela\u00e7\u00f5es Internacionais, 47, pp. 39-73."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maul, Daniel (2012). Human Rights, Development and Decolonization. Basingstoke: Palgrave.","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230358638"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt7pfjg"},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Monteiro, Jos\u00e9 Pedro (2015). \u201cAs din\u00e2micas internacionais do reformismo imperial portugu\u00eas: o caso das transforma\u00e7\u00f5es das pol\u00edticas de trabalho nativo (1961-1962)\u201d, in A. B. Xavier, C. N. da Silva (org), O Governo dos Outros. Lisboa: ICS, pp. 205-233."},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Monteiro, Jos\u00e9 Pedro (2018). Portugal e a Quest\u00e3o do Trabalho For\u00e7ado. Lisboa: Edi\u00e7\u00f5es 70."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monteiro, Jos\u00e9 Pedro (2023). \u201cRace, d\u00e9veloppement, autod\u00e9termination: la \u2018th\u00e8se belge' et les politiques sociales coloniales tardives\u201d. \u00c9tudes internationales, 54 (1), pp. 129-156.","DOI":"10.7202\/1110736ar"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7312\/musc20024"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muschik, Eva-Maria (org.) (2022b). \u201cTowards a Global History of International Organizations and Decolonization\u201d. Journal of Global History, 17 (2), pp. 173-352.","DOI":"10.1017\/S1740022822000043"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O'Malley, Alanna; Thakur, Vineet (org.) (2022). \u201cShaping a Global Horizon: New Histories of the Global South and the UN\u201d. Humanity, 13 (1), pp. 55-126.","DOI":"10.1353\/hum.2022.0003"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/978-1-137-52862-9"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pearson, Jessica (2017). \u201cThe Politics of International Colonial Oversight in the Era of Decolonization\u201d. Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, 45 (3), pp. 525-549.","DOI":"10.1080\/03086534.2017.1332133"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pimenta, Fernando (2008a). \u201cO Estado Novo portugu\u00eas e a reforma do estado colonial em Angola: o comportamento das elites brancas (1961-1962)\u201d. Hist\u00f3ria, 33 (2), pp. 250-272.","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-436920140002000012"},{"key":"ref36","unstructured":"Pimenta, Fernando (2008b). Angola, os Brancos e a Independ\u00eancia. Porto: Afrontamento."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Pi\u00f1ero, Luis (2005). Indigenous Peoples, Postcolonialism and International Law. Oxford: Oxford U. Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199284641.001.0001"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Santos, Aurora Almada (2014). A Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o das Na\u00e7\u00f5es Unidas e a Quest\u00e3o Colonial Portuguesa. Lisboa: FCSH-UNL (Tese de Doutoramento)."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dss.0.0027"},{"key":"ref40","unstructured":"Silva, Ant\u00f3nio Duarte (1995). \u201cO lit\u00edgio entre Portugal e a ONU (1960-1974)\u201d. An\u00e1lise Social, 30 (130), pp. 5-50."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas, Martin; Curless, Gareth (org.) (2017). Decolonization and Conflict. London: Bloomsbury.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315255989"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780198713197.001.0001"}],"container-title":["Ler Hist\u00f3ria"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T16:41:33Z","timestamp":1772815293000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/lerhistoria\/13557"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":43,"issue-title":["Descoloniza\u00e7\u00e3o e colonialismo tardio"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4000\/12c7i","relation":{},"ISSN":["0870-6182","2183-7791"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0870-6182","type":"print"},{"value":"2183-7791","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}