{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T07:14:02Z","timestamp":1772867642372,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"OpenEdition","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["etnografica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In the global political landscape, as far-right parties gain prominence, populist rhetoric advocating for harsher justice and security policies is becoming increasingly prevalent. Proponents of this rhetoric base their discourse on \u201calarming\u201d violence and crime rates and discredit more liberal approaches, as well as research that deconstruct those Manichean visions. In this introduction, we ask what tangible contributions qualitative and ethnographic methods can offer to the field of justice and security studies. We explain why and to what extent qualitative methods are essential to accurately represent the reality of justice and security and to help deconstruct overly simplistic interpretations of justice and security. Ultimately, this article contends that these methodologies are crucial, now more than ever, for dismantling narratives driven by penal populism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4000\/148hk","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T07:30:02Z","timestamp":1751268602000},"page":"399-411","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Introduction:Beyond penal populism: complexifying justice systems and security through qualitative lenses"],"prefix":"10.4000","volume":"29 (2)","author":[{"given":"Annabelle","family":"Dias F\u00e9lix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA School of Social Sciences and Humanities \u2013 Interdisciplinary Centre of Social Sciences (NOVA FCSH\/CICS.NOVA), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Leote de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa \/ Center for Research in Anthropology (CRIA), Portugal"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Fr\u00f3is","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa \/ Center for Research in Anthropology (CRIA), Portugal"}]}],"member":"2399","reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojps.2021.114048"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780190221447.001.0001"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BEEK, Jan, Thomas BIERSCHENK, Annalena KOLLOCH, and Bernd MEYER (eds.), 2023, Policing Race, Ethnicity and Culture: Ethnographic Perspectives Across Europe. 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