{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:53:56Z","timestamp":1773068036183,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"OpenEdition","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["rccsar"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human trafficking in general and the trafficking of women in particular have been attracting increasing interest from states, international bodies, non-governmental organisations, the media and academia. The greater visibility conferred on this phenomenon has translated, on a national and international level, into policies designed to combat and prevent it, whose efficiency is debateable. This is the result not only of a lack of understanding of the specific features of the trafficking of women, but also of the fact that other objectives underlying the construction of these policies hardly meet the subjective needs and expectations of trafficked women. This article discusses some of the issues both emerging and absent from the legal framework for the sexual trafficking of women, with reference to the empirical situation of sexual trafficking in Portugal as analysed in the study Tr\u00e1fico de mulheres em Portugal para fins de explora\u00e7\u00e3o sexual.1<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4000\/rccsar.247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,22]],"date-time":"2012-10-22T23:00:43Z","timestamp":1350946843000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Sexual Trafficking of Women: Representations of Illegality and Victimisation"],"prefix":"10.4000","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3359-3626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boaventura de Sousa","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Madalena","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra, Portugal"}]}],"member":"2399","reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Anderson, Bridget; Davidson, Julia O'Connell (2002), Trafficking \u2013 A Demand Led Problem. Sweden: Save The Children."},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aronowitz, Alexis A. (2001), \u201cSmuggling and Trafficking in Human Beings: The phenomenon, the markets that drive it and the organisations that promote it,\u201d European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 9, 163-195.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011253129328"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18574\/nyu\/9780814786086.001.0001"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1460846042000250882"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Engle, Lauren B. (2004), The World in Motion. Short Essays on Migration and Gender. Geneva: International Organization for Migration."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Ehrenreich, Barbara; Hochschild, Arlie Russell (2002), Global Woman: Nannies, Maids and Sex Workers in the New Economy. London: Granta Books."},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Farr, Kathryn (2005), Sex Trafficking: The Global Market in Women and Children. New York: Worth Publishers."},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Gaspard, Fran\u00e7oise (1998), \u201cInv\u00edsiveis, diabolizadas, instrumentalizadas: figuras de mulheres migrantes e das suas filhas na Europa,\u201d Revista Cr\u00edtica de Ci\u00eancias Sociais, 50, 83-101."},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Gilroy, Paul (1992), The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026143699374916"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Kapur, Ratna (2005) \u201cCross-border Movements and the Law: Renegotiating the boundaries of difference,\u201d in Kamala Kempadoo (ed.), Trafficking and Prostitution Reconsidered. New Perspectives on Migration, Sex Work, and Human Rights. Boulder, Colorado: Paradigm Publishers."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Kapur, Ratna (2006), \u201cRevisioning the Role of Law in Women's Human Rights Struggles,\u201d in Saladin Meckled-Garcia &amp; Basak Cali (eds.), The Legalization of Human Rights: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Human Rights and Human Rights Law. London: Routledge."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-83332005000200003"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Kempadoo, Kamala (2005b), \u201cFrom Moral Panic to Global Justice: Changing perspectives on trafficking,\u201d in Kamala Kempadoo (ed.), Trafficking and Prostitution Reconsidered. New Perspectives on Migration, Sex Work, and Human Rights. Boulder, Colorado: Paradigm Publishers."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315865768"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Lopes, Ana (2006), Trabalhadores do sexo uni-vos! Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o laboral na ind\u00fastria do sexo. Lisbon: D. Quixote."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Mignolo, Walter D. (2000), Local Histories\/Global Designs: Coloniality, Subaltern Knowledges, and Border Thinking. Princeton: Princeton University Press."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/741922624"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Regulska, Joanna (1998), \u201cA nova \u2018Outra' mulher europeia,\u201d Revista Cr\u00edtica de Ci\u00eancias Sociais, 50, 47-71."},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Ribeiro, Manuela et al. (2005), Prostitui\u00e7\u00e3o abrigada em clubes (zonas fronteiri\u00e7as do Minho e Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes): pr\u00e1ticas, riscos e sa\u00fade. Colec\u00e7\u00e3o Estudos de G\u00e9nero. Lisboa: CIDM."},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Rodrigues, Anabela (1999), in Figueiredo Dias (ed.), Coment\u00e1rio Conimbricense do C\u00f3digo Penal \u2013 Tomo I. : Coimbra: Coimbra Editora."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Santos, Boaventura de Sousa (2000), A cr\u00edtica da raz\u00e3o indolente: contra o desperd\u00edcio da experi\u00eancia. Porto: Edi\u00e7\u00f5es Afrontamento."},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Santos, Boaventura de Sousa (2004), \u201cPor uma concep\u00e7\u00e3o multicultural dos direitos humanos,\u201d in Boaventura de Sousa Santos (org.), Reconhecer para libertar: os caminhos do cosmopolitismo cultural. Porto: Afrontamento."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-33002007000300004"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Santos, Boaventura de Sousa; Gomes, Concei\u00e7\u00e3o; Duarte, Madalena; Baganha, Maria (2008), Tr\u00e1fico de mulheres em Portugal para fins de explora\u00e7\u00e3o sexual. Colec\u00e7\u00e3o Estudos de G\u00e9nero. Porto: CIG."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sullivan, Barbara (2003), \u201cFeminism and New International Law,\u201d International Feminist Journal of Politics, 5(1), 67-91","DOI":"10.1080\/1461674021000056773"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Techio, Kachia (2006), \u201cConhecimentos de alterne: a outra di\u00e1spora das imigrantes brasileiras,\u201d Socius Working Papers, 2, 1-22."},{"key":"ref27","unstructured":"Vaz Patto, Pedro (2007), \u201cO crime de tr\u00e1fico de pessoas no C\u00f3digo Penal revisto. An\u00e1lise de algumas quest\u00f5es.\u201d Paper presented at the Meeting on the Revision of the Criminal Code [Jornadas sobre a Revis\u00e3o do C\u00f3digo Penal] \u2013 27 and 28 September, CEJ, Lisbon."}],"container-title":["RCCS Annual Review"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:18:20Z","timestamp":1773051500000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.openedition.org\/rccsar\/247"}},"subtitle":[],"translator":[{"given":"Sheena","family":"Caldwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010]]},"references-count":28,"issue-title":["Issue no. 2"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4000\/rccsar.247","relation":{},"ISSN":["1647-3175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1647-3175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010]]}}}