{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:59:09Z","timestamp":1791932349533,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Japanese Society for Dental Materials and Devices","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dent. Mater. J.","Dental Materials Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2023-132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T22:12:07Z","timestamp":1705011127000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Bioactivity and remineralization potential of modified glass ionomer cement: A systematic review of the impact of calcium and phosphate ion release"],"prefix":"10.4012","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Nozimjon","family":"TUYGUNOV","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"KHAIRUNNISA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noor Azlin","family":"YAHYA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"},{"name":"Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azwatee ABDUL","family":"AZIZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"},{"name":"Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myrna Nurlatifah","family":"ZAKARIA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"},{"name":"Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nigora Amanullaevna","family":"ISRAILOVA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Children\u2019s Diseases in Family Medicine, Tashkent Medical Academy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arief","family":"CAHYANTO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"},{"name":"Biomaterials Technology Research Groups, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2427","reference":[{"key":"1","unstructured":"1) Heng C. Tooth decay is the most prevalent disease. Fed Pract 2016; 33: 31-33."},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2) Bj\u00f8rndal L, Larsen T. Changes in the cultivable flora in deep carious lesions following a stepwise excavation procedure. Caries Res 2000; 34: 502-508.","DOI":"10.1159\/000016631"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3) Maltz M, Oliveira EF, Fontanella V, Carminatti G. Deep caries lesions after incomplete dentine caries removal: 40-month follow-up study. Caries Res 2007; 41: 493-496.","DOI":"10.1159\/000109349"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4) Duque C, Negrini Tde C, Sacono NT, Spolidorio DM, de Souza Costa CA, Hebling J. Clinical and microbiological performance of resin-modified glass-ionomer liners after incomplete dentine caries removal. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 13: 465-471.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-009-0304-2"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5) Weerheijm KL, Kreulen CM, de Soet JJ, Groen HJ, van Amerongen WE. Bacterial counts in carious dentine under restorations: 2-year in vivo effects. Caries Res 1999; 33: 130-134.","DOI":"10.1159\/000016506"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6) Mj\u00f6r I, Moorhead J, Dahl J. Reasons for replacement of restorations in permanent teeth in general dental practice. Int Dent J 2001; 50: 361-366.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1875-595X.2000.tb00569.x"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7) Jokstad A, Bayne S, Blunck U, Tyas M, Wilson N. Quality of dental restorations FDI Commission Project 2\u201395*. Int Dent J 2001; 51: 117-158.","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-595X.2001.tb00832.x"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8) Comar LP, Wiegand A, Moron BM, Rios D, Buzalaf MA, Buchalla W, <i>et al<\/i>. In situ effect of sodium fluoride or titanium tetrafluoride varnish and solution on carious demineralization of enamel. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120: 342-348.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2012.00968.x"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9) Bonetti D, Clarkson JE. Fluoride varnish for caries prevention: Efficacy and implementation. Caries Res 2016; 50 Suppl 1: 45-49.","DOI":"10.1159\/000444268"},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10) Kucukyilmaz E, Savas S. Evaluation of shear bond strength, penetration ability, microleakage and remineralisation capacity of glass ionomer-based fissure sealants. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2016; 17: 17-23."},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11) Y\u00f6nel N, Bikker FJ, Lagerweij MD, Kleverlaan CJ, van Loveren C, \u00d6zen B, <i>et al<\/i>. Anti-erosive effects of fluoride and phytosphingosine: an in vitro study. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 124: 396-402.","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12283"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"12) Shen C, Rawls HR, Esquivel-Upshaw JF. In; Shen C, Rawls HR, Esquivel-Upshaw JF, editor. Phillips\u2019 Science of Dental Materials. 13th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2021."},{"key":"13","unstructured":"13) Khoroushi M, Keshani F. A review of glass-ionomers: From conventional glass-ionomer to bioactive glass-ionomer. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 10: 411-420."},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14) Wilson AD, Kent BE. A new translucent cement for dentistry. The glass ionomer cement. Br Dent J 1972; 132: 133-135.","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4802810"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15) Crisp S, Lewis BG, Wilson AD. Glass ionomer cements: Chemistry of erosion. J Dent Res 1976; 55: 1032-1041.","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345760550060501"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16) Gruythuysen RJ, van Strijp AJ, Wu MK. Long-term survival of indirect pulp treatment performed in primary and permanent teeth with clinically diagnosed deep carious lesions. J Endod 2010; 36: 1490-1493.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.06.006"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17) Tiveron AR, Delbem AC, Gaban G, Sassaki KT, Pedrini D. Effect of resin composites with sodium trimetaphosphate with or without fluoride on hardness, ion release and enamel demineralization. Am J Dent 2013; 26: 201-206."},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18) Trairatvorakul C, Itsaraviriyakul S, Wiboonchan W. Effect of glass-ionomer cement on the progression of proximal caries. J Dent Res 2011; 90: 99-103.","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510381265"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19) Mayanagi G, Igarashi K, Jumpei W, Nakajo K, Domon H, Takahashi N. Evaluation of pH at the bacteria-dental cement interface. J Dent Res 2011; 90: 1446-1450.","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511423392"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20) Imazato S, Ma S, Chen JH, Xu HH. Therapeutic polymers for dental adhesives: Loading resins with bio-active components. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 97-104.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2013.06.003"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21) Al Zraikat H, Palamara JE, Messer HH, Burrow MF, Reynolds EC. The incorporation of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate into a glass ionomer cement. Dent Mater 2011; 27: 235-243.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2010.10.008"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22) Mazzaoui SA, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ, Dashper SG, Eakins D, Reynolds EC. Incorporation of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate into a glass-ionomer cement. J Dent Res 2003; 82: 914-918.","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308201113"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23) Skrtic D, Antonucci JM, Eanes ED. Amorphous calcium phosphate-based bioactive polymeric composites for mineralized tissue regeneration. J Res Natl Inst Stand Technol 2003; 108: 167-182.","DOI":"10.6028\/jres.108.017"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24) Grocholewicz K, Matkowska-Cichocka G, Makowiecki P, Dro\u017adzik A, Ey-Chmielewska H, Dziewulska A, <i>et al<\/i>. Effect of nano-hydroxyapatite and ozone on approximal initial caries: A randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2020; 10: 11192.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67885-8"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25) Shahid S, Hassan U, Billington RW, Hill RG, Anderson P. Glass ionomer cements: Effect of strontium substitution on esthetics, radiopacity and fluoride release. Dent Mater 2014; 30: 308-313.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2013.12.003"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26) Murugan R, Yazid F, Nasruddin NS, Anuar NNM. Effects of nanohydroxyapatite incorporation into glass ionomer cement (GIC). Minerals 2022; 12: 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/min12010009"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27) Toledano M, Osorio R, Vallecillo-Rivas M, Osorio E, Lynch CD, Aguilera FS, <i>et al<\/i>. Zn-doping of silicate and hydroxyapatite-based cements: Dentin mechanobiology and bioactivity. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 114: 104232.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2020.104232"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28) De Caluw\u00e9 T, Vercruysse CWJ, Ladik I, Convents R, Declercq H, Martens LC, <i>et al<\/i>. Addition of bioactive glass to glass ionomer cements: Effect on the physico-chemical properties and biocompatibility. Dent Mater 2017; 33: e186-e203.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2017.01.007"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29) Jones JR. Review of bioactive glass: From Hench to hybrids. Acta Biomater 2013; 9: 4457-4486.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2012.08.023"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30) Hench LL, Xynos ID, Polak JM. Bioactive glasses for in situ tissue regeneration. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2004; 15: 543-562.","DOI":"10.1163\/156856204323005352"},{"key":"31","unstructured":"31) Hamdy T. Bioactivity: A new buzz in dental materials. EC Dental Science 2018; 17: 8."},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"32) Holzapfel BM, Reichert JC, Schantz J-T, Gbureck U, Rackwitz L, N\u00f6th U, <i>et al<\/i>. How smart do biomaterials need to be? A translational science and clinical point of view. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65: 581-603.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.07.009"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33) Vallittu PK, Boccaccini AR, Hupa L, Watts DC. Bioactive dental materials \u2014Do they exist and what does bioactivity mean? Dent Mater 2018; 34: 693-694.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2018.03.001"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34) Kokubo T, Takadama H. How useful is SBF in predicting in vivo bone bioactivity? Biomaterials 2006; 27: 2907-2915.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.01.017"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35) Kim DA, Lee JH, Jun SK, Kim HW, Eltohamy M, Lee HH. Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass nanoparticle-incorporated glass ionomer cement with or without chitosan for enhanced mechanical and biomineralization properties. Dent Mater 2017; 33: 805-817.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2017.04.017"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36) Makanjuola JO, Essien ER, Bolasodun BO, Umesi DC, Oderinu OH, Adams LA, <i>et al<\/i>. A new hydrolytic route to an experimental glass for use in bioactive glass-ionomer cement. J Mater Res Technol 2022; 18: 2013-2024.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2022.03.094"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37) Moraes JF, Gomes de Moraes T, Nunes FRS, Carvalho EM, Nunes GS, Carvalho CN, <i>et al<\/i>. Formation of hydroxyapatite nanoprecursors by the addition of bioactive particles in resin-modified glass ionomer cements. Int J Adhes Adhes 2021; 110: 102933.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijadhadh.2021.102933"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38) Ana ID, Anggraeni R. Development of bioactive resin modified glass ionomer cement for dental biomedical applications. Heliyon 2021; 7: e05944.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2021.e05944"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"39) Mozafari M, Banijamali S, Baino F, Kargozar S, Hill RG. Calcium carbonate: Adored and ignored in bioactivity assessment. Acta Biomater 2019; 91: 35-47.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2019.04.039"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"40) Bohner M, Lemaitre J. Can bioactivity be tested in vitro with SBF solution? Biomaterials 2009; 30: 2175-2179.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.01.008"},{"key":"41","unstructured":"41) Hatibovic-Kofman S, Suljak JP, Koch G. Remineralization of natural carious lesions with a glass ionomer cement. Swed Dent J 1997; 21: 11-17."},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"42) Attar N, Onen A. Artificial formed caries-like lesions around esthetic restorative materials. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2002; 26: 289-296.","DOI":"10.17796\/jcpd.26.3.aun5413hm163g344"},{"key":"43","unstructured":"43) Jang KT, Garcia-Godoy F, Donly KJ, Segura A. Remineralizing effects of glass ionomer restorations on adjacent interproximal caries. ASDC J Dent Child 2001; 68: 125-128, 142."},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"44) Qvist V, Laurberg L, Poulsen A, Teglers PT. Eight-year study on conventional glass ionomer and amalgam restorations in primary teeth. Acta Odontol Scand 2004; 62: 37-45.","DOI":"10.1080\/00016350310008689"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"45) Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, <i>et al<\/i>. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021; 372: n71.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"46) Mehrdad A-B, Ali J. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) design as a framework to formulate eligibility criteria in systematic reviews. Emerg Med J 2020; 37: 387.","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2020-209567"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"47) Zalizniak I, Palamara JEA, Wong RHK, Cochrane NJ, Burrow MF, Reynolds EC. Ion release and physical properties of CPP\u2013ACP modified GIC in acid solutions. J Dent 2013; 41: 449-454.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.02.003"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"48) Par M, Gubler A, Attin T, Tarle Z, Tarle A, Prskalo K, <i>et al<\/i>. Effect of adhesive coating on calcium, phosphate, and fluoride release from experimental and commercial remineralizing dental restorative materials. Sci Rep 2022; 12: 10272.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-14544-9"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"49) Wang L, Buzalaf MA, Atta MT. Effect of one-bottle adhesive systems on the fluoride release of a resin-modified glass ionomer. J Appl Oral Sci 2004; 12: 12-17.","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572004000100003"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"50) Keli\u0107 M, Kili\u0107 D, Keli\u0107 K, \u0160utej I, Par M, Pero\u0161 K, <i>et al<\/i>. The fluoride ion release from ion-releasing dental materials after surface loading by topical treatment with sodium fluoride gel. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14: 102.","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14020102"},{"key":"51","unstructured":"51) Tay FR, Pashley DH, Suh B, Carvalho R, Miller M. Single-step, self-etch adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. Part I. Bond strength and morphologic evidence. Am J Dent 2004; 17: 271-278."},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"52) Gao W, Smales RJ. Fluoride release\/uptake of conventional and resin-modified glass ionomers, and compomers. J Dent 2001; 29: 301-306.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(00)00053-1"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"53) Dashper SG, Catmull DV, Liu SW, Myroforidis H, Zalizniak I, Palamara JE, <i>et al<\/i>. Casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate reduces Streptococcus mutans biofilm development on glass ionomer cement and disrupts established biofilms. PLoS One 2016; 11: e0162322.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162322"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"54) Shen P, Zalizniak I, Palamara JEA, Burrow MF, Walker GD, Yuan Y, <i>et al<\/i>. Recharge and increase in hardness of GIC with CPP-ACP\/F. Dent Mater 2020; 36: 1608-1614.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2020.09.022"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"55) Nicholson JW, Coleman NJ, Sidhu SK. Kinetics of ion release from a conventional glass-ionomer cement. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2021; 32: 30.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-021-06501-1"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"56) Allam G, Abd El-Geleel O. Evaluating the mechanical properties, and calcium and fluoride release of glass-ionomer cement modified with chicken eggshell powder. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6: 40.","DOI":"10.3390\/dj6030040"},{"key":"57","unstructured":"57) Nahla A. Elsalamony DMA-H, Nahed G. Bakir. Bioactivity of ananoeggshell-modified calcium hydroxide dental cement: An in-vitro study. IOSR J Dent Med Sci (IOSR-JDMS) 2018; 17: 70-80."},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"58) Onwubu SC, Vahed A, Singh S, Kanny KM. Reducing the surface roughness of dental acrylic resins by using an eggshell abrasive material. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117: 310-314.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2016.06.024"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"59) Salah M, Kataia MM, Kataia EM, El Din EA, Essa ME. Evaluation of eggshell powder as an experimental direct pulp capping material. Futur Dent J 2018; 4: 160-164.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fdj.2018.05.008"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"60) Brauer DS, Anjum MN, Mneimne M, Wilson RM, Doweidar H, Hill RG. Fluoride-containing bioactive glass-ceramics. J Non-Cryst Solids 2012; 358: 1438-1442.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnoncrysol.2012.03.014"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"61) Mneimne M, Hill RG, Bushby AJ, Brauer DS. High phosphate content significantly increases apatite formation of fluoride-containing bioactive glasses. Acta Biomater 2011; 7: 1827-1834.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2010.11.037"},{"key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"62) Kim H-J, Bae HE, Lee J-E, Park I-S, Kim H-G, Kwon J, <i>et al<\/i>. Effects of bioactive glass incorporation into glass ionomer cement on demineralized dentin. Sci Rep 2021; 11: 7016.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-86481-y"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"63) De Caluw\u00e9 T, Vercruysse CW, Declercq HA, Schaubroeck D, Verbeeck RM, Martens LC. Bioactivity and biocompatibility of two fluoride containing bioactive glasses for dental applications. Dent Mater 2016; 32: 1414-1428.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2016.09.014"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"64) Nourmohammadi J, Sadrnezhaad SK, Behnamghader A. In vitro bioactivity of novel cured ionomer cement based on iron oxide. Ceram Int 2010; 36: 1645-1651.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2010.02.031"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"65) Landi E, Celotti G, Logroscino G, Tampieri A. Carbonated hydroxyapatite as bone substitute. J Eur Ceram Soc 2003; 23: 2931-2937.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-2219(03)00304-2"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"66) Sarig S. Aspartic acid nucleates the apatite crystallites of bone: A hypothesis. Bone 2004; 35: 108-113.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2004.02.020"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"67) Tschoppe P, Zandim DL, Martus P, Kielbassa AM. Enamel and dentine remineralization by nano-hydroxyapatite toothpastes. J Dent 2011; 39: 430-437.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2011.03.008"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"68) Fabritius-Vilpoux K, Enax J, Herbig M, Raabe D, Fabritius H-O.Quantitative affinity parameters of synthetic hydroxyapatite and enamel surfaces in vitro. Bioinspired Biomim Nanobiomaterials 2018; 8: 1-40.","DOI":"10.1680\/jbibn.18.00035"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"69) Fabritius-Vilpoux K, Enax J, Mayweg D, Meyer F, Herbig M, Raabe D, <i>et al<\/i>. Ultrastructural changes of bovine tooth enamel and dentin surfaces and the influence of biomimetic hydroxyapatite crystallites under chemical erosion. SSRN Electron J 2020; 10.2139\/ssrn.3681039.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3681039"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"70) Enax J, Fabritius H-O, Fabritius-Vilpoux K, Amaechi B, Meyer F. Modes of action and clinical efficacy of particulate hydroxyapatite in preventive oral health care \u2014State of the art. Open Dent J 2019; 13: 274-287.","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601913010274"},{"key":"71","unstructured":"71) Limeback H, Enax J, Meyer F. Biomimetic hydroxyapatite and caries prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Can J Dent Hyg 2021; 55: 148-159."},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"72) O\u2019Hagan-Wong K, Enax J, Meyer F, Ganss B. The use of hydroxyapatite toothpaste to prevent dental caries. Odontology 2022; 110: 223-230.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-021-00675-4"},{"key":"73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"73) Paszynska E, Pawinska M, Gawriolek M, Kaminska I, Otulakowska-Skrzynska J, Marczuk-Kolada G, <i>et al<\/i>. Impact of a toothpaste with microcrystalline hydroxyapatite on the occurrence of early childhood caries: A 1-year randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2021; 11: 2650.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81112-y"},{"key":"74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"74) Schlagenhauf U, Kunzelmann KH, Hannig C, May TW, H\u00f6sl H, Gratza M, <i>et al<\/i>. Impact of a non-fluoridated microcrystalline hydroxyapatite dentifrice on enamel caries progression in highly caries-susceptible orthodontic patients: A randomized, controlled 6-month trial. J Investig Clin Dent 2019; 10: e12399.","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12399"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"75) Badiee M, Jafari N, Fatemi S, Ameli N, Kasraei S, Ebadifar A.Comparison of the effects of toothpastes containing nanohydroxyapatite and fluoride on white spot lesions in orthodontic patients: A randomized clinical trial. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2020; 17: 354-359.","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.294328"},{"key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"76) Kani T, Kani M, Isozaki A, Shintani H, Ohashi T, Tokumoto T.Effect to apatite-containing dentifrices on dental caries in school children. J Dent Health 1989; 39: 104-109.","DOI":"10.5834\/jdh.39.104"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"77) Chen L, Al-Bayatee S, Khurshid Z, Shavandi A, Brunton P, Ratnayake J. Hydroxyapatite in oral care products \u2014A review. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14: 4865.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14174865"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"78) Hannig M, Hannig C. Nanomaterials in preventive dentistry. Nat Nanotechnol 2010; 5: 565-569.","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2010.83"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"79) White DJ. The application of in vitro models to research on demineralization and remineralization of the teeth. Adv Dent Res 1995; 9: 175-193; discussion 94-97.","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374950090030101"},{"key":"80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"80) Buzalaf MA, Hannas AR, Magalh\u00e3es AC, Rios D, Hon\u00f3rio HM, Delbem AC. pH-cycling models for in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of fluoridated dentifrices for caries control: Strengths and limitations. J Appl Oral Sci 2010; 18: 316-334.","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572010000400002"},{"key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"81) Spagnuolo G. Bioactive dental materials: The current status. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15: 2016.","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15062016"},{"key":"82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"82) Delgado AH, Sauro S, Lima AF, Loguercio AD, Della Bona A, Mazzoni A, <i>et al<\/i>. RoBDEMAT: A risk of bias tool and guideline to support reporting of pre-clinical dental materials research and assessment of systematic reviews. J Dent 2022; 127: 104350.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2022.104350"},{"key":"83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"83) Alrahlah A. Diametral tensile strength, flexural strength, and surface microhardness of bioactive bulk fill restorative. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19: 13-19.","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2205"},{"key":"84","unstructured":"84) Diane RB, Anthony AG, Drago S. Amorphous Calcium Phosphate as Bioactive Filler in Polymeric Dental Composites. In: David GC, Maja Dutour S, Bo\u017eana \u010c, Helga F\u00fcredi M, editors. Contemporary Topics about Phosphorus in Biology and Materials. Rijeka: IntechOpen; 2019. p. Ch. 8."},{"key":"85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"85) Imazato S, Kohno T, Tsuboi R, Thongthai P, Xu HH, Kitagawa H. Cutting-edge filler technologies to release bio-active components for restorative and preventive dentistry. Dent Mater J 2020; 39: 69-79.","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2019-350"},{"key":"86","unstructured":"86) Bhadra D, Shah NC, Rao AS, Dedania MS, Bajpai N. A 1-year comparative evaluation of clinical performance of nanohybrid composite with Activa\u2122 bioactive composite in Class II carious lesion: A randomized control study. J Conserv Dent 2019; 22: 92-96."},{"key":"87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"87) Sennou HE, Lebugle AA, Gr\u00e9goire GL. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the dentin\u2013glass ionomer cement interface. Dent Mater 1999; 15: 229-237.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0109-5641(99)00036-6"},{"key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"88) Yiu CKY, Tay FR, King NM, Pashley DH, Sidhu SK, Neo JCL, <i>et al<\/i>. Interaction of glass-ionomer cements with moist dentin. J Dent Res 2004; 83: 283-289.","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408300403"},{"key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"89) Tanumiharja M, Burrow MF, Cimmino A, Tyas MJ. The evaluation of four conditioners for glass ionomer cements using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. J Dent 2001; 29: 131-138.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5712(00)00056-7"},{"key":"90","unstructured":"90) Watson T. Bonding of glass-ionomer cements to tooth structure. In: Davidson CL, Mj\u00f6r IA, editors. Advances in glass-ionomer cements. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co; 1999. p. 121-136"},{"key":"91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"91) Ngo HC, Mount G, Mc Intyre J, Tuisuva J, Von Doussa RJ. Chemical exchange between glass-ionomer restorations and residual carious dentine in permanent molars: An in vivo study. J Dent 2006; 34: 608-613.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2005.12.012"},{"key":"92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"92) Ten Cate JM, Buus MJ, Damen JJM. The effects of GIC restorations on enamel and dentin demineralization and remineralization. Adv Dent Res 1995; 9: 384-388.","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374950090040701"}],"container-title":["Dental Materials Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/dmj\/43\/1\/43_2023-132\/_pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T04:59:25Z","timestamp":1715576365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/dmj\/43\/1\/43_2023-132\/_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4012\/dmj.2023-132","relation":{},"ISSN":["0287-4547","1881-1361"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0287-4547","type":"print"},{"value":"1881-1361","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,25]]},"article-number":"2023-132"}}