{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:04:02Z","timestamp":1781107442262,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"IGI Global Scientific Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"abstract":"<p>The Facilities Manager occupies a unique position within the lifecycle of a building asset, as he\/she is one of the only Architecture\/Engineering\/Construction (AEC) and Facilities Management (FM) professionals who is in a position to view the product of the entire design and build process and is responsible for the operational phase which incurs approximately five times the initial capital cost. Despite the potential benefits that the Facilities Manager offers, this profession still does not command the recognition it deserves within the AEC\/FM sector. This is beginning to change through the introduction of Building Information Modelling (BIM). In order for the BIM process to be maximised it is imperative that the Facilities Manager plays a much more important role within the design and construction process. Despite this, at present the role of the Facilities Manager within this process is still uncertain with no set Key Performance Indicators (KPI) or role designation being specified to date. This paper outlines how the Facilities Manager can play a pivotal role in the BIM process and, in particular, will aim to establish the basis for a number of KPIs by Facility Managers which will in turn lead to a more robust Lean FM practice.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ij3dim.2013100104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,23]],"date-time":"2014-04-23T09:01:10Z","timestamp":1398243670000},"page":"38-51","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Establishing Key Performance Indicators to Measure the Benefit of Introducing the Facilities Manager at an Early Stage in the Building Information Modeling Process"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Barry","family":"McAuley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Real Estate and Economics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Hore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Real Estate and Economics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aguilar, K. 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International Journal of 3D Information Modelling, 1(1), 55-73.","DOI":"10.4018\/ij3dim.2012010104"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127","article-title":"Building information modeling (BIM): Trends, benefits, risks, and challenges for the AEC industry.","author":"S.Azhar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Leadership and Management in Engineering"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-4","author":"F.Barbuio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Performance measurement: A practical guide to KPIs and benchmarking in public broadcasters"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-5","unstructured":"CITA, CITA technology pilot. (2013). Retrieved June 19, 2013, from http:\/\/www.cita.ie\/cita_pilot_project_2013.asp"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-6","unstructured":"Coates, O., Arayici, Y., Koskela, L., Kagioglou, M., Usher, C., & O\u2019Reilly, K. (2010). The key performance indicators of the BIM implementation process. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Nottingham, UK."},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-7","article-title":"Application areas and data requirements for BIM-enabled facilities management.","author":"B. B.Gerber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Construction Engineering and Management"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/17410400910928743"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000188"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-10","unstructured":"Khemlani, L. (2011). BIM for facilities management, AECbytes Feature. Retrieved July 9, 2011, from http:\/\/www.aecbytes.com\/feature\/2011\/BIMforFM.html"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McAuley, B., Hore, A. V., & West, R. (2012b, July 25\u201327). Implementing of building information modelling in public works projects in Ireland. In Proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Product and Process Modelling, Reykjavik.","DOI":"10.1201\/b12516-94"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-12","unstructured":"McAuley, B., Hore, A. V., West, R., & Wall, J. (2012a, January 23-25). The economic case for early adoption of facilities management. In Proceedings of the Joint CIB W070, W092 & Tg72 International Conference on Delivering Value to the Community, University of Cape Town."},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-13","unstructured":"Mohammed, A. M., & Hassanain, M. A. (2010). Towards Improvement in facilities operation and maintenance through feedback to the design team. The Built & Human Environment Review, 3."},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-14","unstructured":"Mom, M., & Hsieh, H. (2012). Toward performance assessment of BIM technology implementation. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Moscow, Russia."},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-15","unstructured":"Mortenson Construction. (2013). Building owners cite BIM\/VDC as 'most exciting trend' in facilities management, says Mortenson report. BDC Net-work. Retrieved July 2, 2013, from http:\/\/www.bdcnetwork.com\/building-owners-cite-bimvdc-most-exciting-trend-facilities-management-says-mortenson-report"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-16","unstructured":"Ruiz, M. (2010). FM issue: Transforming technologies. Todays Facilities Manager. Retrieved July 9, 2012, from http:\/\/www.todaysfacilitymanager.com\/2010\/09\/fm-issue-transforming-technologies"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119572633.ch2","author":"L.Sabbol","year":"2013","journal-title":"BIM technology for FM. BIM for Facility Managers"},{"key":"ij3dim.2013100104-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Su, Y. C., Lee, Y. C., & Lin, Y. C. (2011). Enhancing maintenance management using building information modeling in facilities management. 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