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Perceived risk's (PR) direct influence was found to be generally weak. However, PR plays a major role in the pre-adoption process because it's weak and direct inhibiting influence become an \u201cenhancer\u201d in the association between effort expectancy (EE) and the three key TAM\/UTAUT constructs [performance expectancy (PE), attitude (ATT), and adoption intention (INT)]. Most importantly, the role of EE as a strong driver of PE, ATT, INT, and its significant interaction with PR highlights the unique role that both risk and EE play in the adoption process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ijebr.2018040103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,5]],"date-time":"2018-03-05T11:46:56Z","timestamp":1520250416000},"page":"39-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["How Relevant Are Risk Perceptions, Effort, and Performance Expectancy in Mobile Banking Adoption?"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Aijaz A.","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Glavee-Geo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heikki","family":"Karjaluoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Jyv\u00e4skyl\u00e4, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"IJEBR.2018040103-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24102\/ijbrd.v2i1.263"},{"key":"IJEBR.2018040103-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tele.2015.09.005"},{"issue":"11","key":"IJEBR.2018040103-2","first-page":"310","article-title":"Moderating Role of Perceived Risk and Innovativeness between Online Shopping Attitude and Intention.","volume":"3","author":"A.Ahmed","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research"},{"key":"IJEBR.2018040103-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69746-3_2"},{"key":"IJEBR.2018040103-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"IJEBR.2018040103-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02634501211231928"},{"issue":"4","key":"IJEBR.2018040103-6","first-page":"379","article-title":"Mobile banking adoption: Application of diffusion of innovation theory.","volume":"13","author":"I. 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