{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:25:47Z","timestamp":1781105147936,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"IGI Global Scientific Publishing","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"

tXSchema (Currim et al., 2004) is a framework (a language and a suite of tools) for the creation and validation of time-varying XML documents. A tXSchema schema is composed of a conventional XML Schema annotated with physical and logical annotations. All components of a tXSchema schema can evolve over time to reflect changes in the real-world. Since many applications need to keep track of both data and schema evolution, schema versioning has been long advocated to be the best solution to do this. In this paper, we complete the tXSchema framework, which is predisposed from the origin to support schema versioning, with the definition of the operations which are necessary to exploit such feature and make schema versioning functionalities available to final users. Moreover, we propose a new technique for schema versioning in tXSchema, allowing a complete and safe management of schema changes. It supports both versioning of conventional schema and versioning of annotations, in an integrated manner. For each component of a tXSchema schema, our approach provides a complete and sound set of change primitives and a set of high-level change operations, for the maintenance of such a component and defines their operational semantics.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ijitwe.2014040102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,29]],"date-time":"2014-09-29T14:44:43Z","timestamp":1412001883000},"page":"20-46","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Schema Change Operations for Full Support of Schema Versioning in the \u03c4XSchema Framework"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Zouhaier","family":"Brahmia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Grandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Oliboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Verona, Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5398-462X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rafik","family":"Bouaziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-0","unstructured":""},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-1","unstructured":"W3C (2004). XML Schema Part 0: Primer Second Edition. W3C Recommendation, October 28, 2004. Retrieved November 29, 2012, from http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2004\/REC-xmlschema-0-20041028\/"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-2","unstructured":"W3C (2011). XQuery update facility 1.0. W3C Candidate Recommendation, March 17, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2012, from http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/2011\/REC-xquery-update-10-20110317\/"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-3","first-page":"290","article-title":"An approach for schema versioning in multi-temporal XML databases.","author":"Z.Brahmia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS 2008)"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-4","unstructured":"Brahmia, Z., Bouaziz, R., Grandi, F., & Oliboni, B. (2010). Schema versioning in \u03c4XSchema-based multitemporal XML repositories. TimeCenter, Technical Report TR-93. Retrieved from http:\/\/timecenter.cs.aau.dk\/TimeCenterPublications\/TR-93.pdf"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Schema versioning in \u03c4XSchema-based multitemporal XML repositories.","author":"Z.Brahmia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS 2011)"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brahmia, Z., Bouaziz, R., Grandi, F., & Oliboni, B. (2012a). A study of conventional schema versioning in the \u03c4XSchema framework. TimeCenter, Technical Report TR-94.","DOI":"10.1109\/SITIS.2012.153"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-7","first-page":"511","article-title":"Versioning of conventional schema in the \u03c4XSchema framework.","author":"Z.Brahmia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Signal Image Technology & Internet Systems (SITIS\u20192012)"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brahmia, Z., Grandi, F., Oliboni, B., & Bouaziz, R. (2013). High-level operations for changing temporal schema, conventional schema, and annotations, in the \u03c4XSchema framework. Manuscript in preparation. Retrieved from http:\/\/www-db.deis.unibo.it\/~fgrandi\/papers\/HLO-TR.pdf>","DOI":"10.1109\/TIME.2014.14"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDE.2011.5767951"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-10","first-page":"194","article-title":"On temporal grouping.","author":"J.Clifford","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Temporal Databases"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-61520-727-5.ch016","article-title":"Document and schema XML updates","author":"D.Colazzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Advanced applications and structures in XML Processing: Label stream, semantics utilization and data query technologies"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-12","unstructured":"Currim, F., Currim, S., Dyreson, C. E., Joshi, S., Snodgrass, R. T., Thomas, S. W., & Roeder, E. (2009). \u03c4XSchema: Support for data- and schema-versioned XML documents. TimeCenter, Technical Report TR-91. Retrieved from http:\/\/timecenter.cs.aau.dk\/TimeCenterPublications\/TR-91.pdf>"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-13","first-page":"348","article-title":"A tale of two schemas: Creating a temporal XML schema from a snapshot schema with \u03c4XSchema.","author":"F.Currim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Extending Database Technology (EDBT 2004)"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4379(97)00017-3"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-39940-9_411","article-title":"Temporal XML","author":"C. E.Dyreson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of database systems"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDEW.2006.161"},{"issue":"2","key":"ijitwe.2014040102-17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.datak.2004.07.001","article-title":"Temporal and versioning model for schema evolution in object-oriented databases.","volume":"53","author":"R. M.Galante","year":"2005","journal-title":"Data & Knowledge Engineering"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-18","first-page":"632","article-title":"Temporal slicing in the evaluation of XML documents.","author":"D.Gao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases (VLDB 2003)"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-19","first-page":"323","article-title":"A relational multi-schema data model and query language for full support of schema versioning.","author":"F.Grandi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proceedings of SEBD 2002 \u2013 National Conference on Advanced Database Systems"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1024694.1024709"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-023X(02)00207-0"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DEXA.2008.128"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1097047.1097056"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.09.038"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-25","first-page":"174","article-title":"Managing XML data with evolving schema.","author":"B. V. N.Prashant","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Management of Data (COMAD\u20192006)"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.datak.2007.09.003"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-27","first-page":"103","article-title":"XEM: Managing the evolution of XML documents.","author":"H.Su","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Research Issues in Data Engineering: Document Management for Data Intensive Business and Scientific Applications (RIDE 2001)"},{"issue":"1-4","key":"ijitwe.2014040102-28","first-page":"23","article-title":"Schema versioning and database conversion techniques for bi-temporal databases.","volume":"30","author":"H.-C.Wie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"ijitwe.2014040102-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.datak.2007.08.002"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=115933","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T12:00:21Z","timestamp":1654084821000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/ijitwe.2014040102"}},"subtitle":[""],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/ijitwe.2014040102","relation":{},"ISSN":["1554-1045","1554-1053"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1554-1045","type":"print"},{"value":"1554-1053","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}}}