{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:47:15Z","timestamp":1781110035512,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"IGI Global Scientific Publishing","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"abstract":"<p>Considering the ever-growing ubiquity of technology, there is an associated growth in the possibility of digital devices related to a criminal investigation or civil litigation. As the variety of digital devices is increasing, the storage capacity of each is also rising exponentially. Due to the varied and large volumes of data produced, law enforcement agencies (LEAs) worldwide are facing a significant backlog of cases. This has culminated in significant delays in dealing with cases that urgently require digital forensic investigations (DFIs). It is of paramount importance that new research approaches be adopted to address such challenges. This article evaluates the existing set of circumstances surrounding the field of digital forensics (DF). The article provides two important contributions to the field of DF; it identifies and analyses the most important mid- and long-term challenges that need to be considered by LEAs. It also proposes important specific future research directions, the undertaking of which can assist LEAs in adopting a new approach to addressing these challenges.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ijoci.2020040103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T07:42:22Z","timestamp":1582875742000},"page":"37-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Digital Forensics"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Montasari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1747-9914","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon","family":"Parkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Peltola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAR-CSIC, Center of Automation and Robotics, Spanish Research Council, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2534-9044","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amin","family":"Hosseinian-Far","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business & Law, The University of Northampton, Northampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Daneshkhah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coventry University, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-0","unstructured":"ACPO. (2012). ACPO Good Practice Guide for Digital Evidence. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.digital-detective.net\/digital-forensics-documents\/ACPO_Good_Practice_Guide_for_Digital_Evidence_v5.pdf"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2017.06.015"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-2","unstructured":"BBC. (2017). Cybercrime and fraud scale revealed in annual figures. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-38675683\/"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-3","first-page":"3","article-title":"Dealing with terabyte data sets in digital investigations","author":"N.Beebe","year":"2005","journal-title":"Advances in Digital Forensics. DigitalForensics 2005. IFIP \u2014 The International Federation for Information Processing,"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-4","unstructured":"Cameron, L. M. (2018). Future of Digital Forensics Faces Six Security Challenges in Fighting Borderless Cybercrime and Dark Web Tools. Retrieved from https:\/\/publications.computer.org\/security-and-privacy\/2018\/03\/01\/digital-forensics-security-challenges-cybercrime\/"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2009.01150.x"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1368506.1368519"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-16120-9_9"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Caviglione, L., Wendzel, S. & Mazurczyk, W., 2017. The future of digital forensics: Challenges and the road ahead. IEEE Security & Privacy,15(6), 12-17.","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2017.4251117"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICNIDC.2012.6418812"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farsi, M., Daneshkhah, A., Far, A. H., Chatrabgoun, O., & Montasari, R. (2019). Crime Data Mining, Threat Analysis and Prediction. In H. Jahankhani (Ed.), Cyber Criminology (pp. 183\u2013202). Berlin, Germany: Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-97181-0_9"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-11","unstructured":"CSA. (2009). Security Guidance for Critical Areas of Focus in Cloud Computing V2.1. Retrieved from https:\/\/cloudsecurityalliance.org\/artifacts\/security-guidance-for-critical-areas-of-focus-in-cloud-computing-v1-0\/"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2014.02.006"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2010.05.009"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1866835.1866850"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-15","first-page":"29","article-title":"Emerging Trends in Cloud Computing, Big Data, Fog Computing, IoT and Smart Living","author":"A.Hosseinian-Far","year":"2017","journal-title":"Technology for Smart Futures"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-800743-3.00012-8"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Challenges of Cloud Forensics","author":"H.Jahankhani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Enterprise Security"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcss.2014.02.005"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2631543"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2017.12.069"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-21","unstructured":"Lillis, D., Becker, B. A., O\u2019Sullivan, T., & Scanlon, M. 2016. Current Challenges and Future Research Areas for Digital Forensic Investigation. Proceedings of the11th Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law (CDFSL 2016), Daytona Beach, FL. Academic Press."},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2011.02.011"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/spy2.23"},{"issue":"2","key":"IJOCI.2020040103-24","first-page":"16","article-title":"Evidentiary power and propriety of digital identifiers and the impact on privacy rights in the United States. Journal of Digital Forensics","volume":"9","author":"M. M.Losavio","year":"2014","journal-title":"Security and Law"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-25","unstructured":"Lukan, D. (2014). Cloud Forensics: An Overview. Retrieved from https:\/\/resources.infosecinstitute.com\/overview-cloud-forensics\/"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2012.07.001"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2010.03.001"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJESDF.2016.079430"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJESDF.2016.077444"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-30","first-page":"69","article-title":"Formal two stage triage process model (FTSTPM) for digital forensic practice.","volume":"10","author":"R.Montasari","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Computer Science and Security"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5120\/ijca2016911194"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montasari, R. (2016e). The Comprehensive Digital Forensic Investigation Process Model (CDFIPM) for Digital Forensic Practice [thesis]. University of Derby, Derby, UK.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60137-3_15"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJICS.2017.085139"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52491-7_11"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-35","first-page":"42","article-title":"Digital Evidence: Disclosure and Admissibility in the United Kingdom Jurisdiction","author":"R.Montasari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Global Security, Safety and Sustainability - The Security Challenges of the Connected World"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60137-3_15"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJESDF.2019.098784"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montasari, R., & Hill, R. (2019). Next-Generation Digital Forensics: Challenges and Future Paradigms. In H. Jahankhani & A. Hosseinian-Far (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 12th International Conference on Global Security, Safety and Sustainability (ICGS3) (pp. 205-212). London: IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICGS3.2019.8688020"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-39","article-title":"Evaluation of the Standardised Digital Forensic Investigation Process Model (ESDFIPM)","author":"R.Montasari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cyber Security Practitioner\u2019s Guide"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-11289-9_8"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/IJoSE.2019010105"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-42","first-page":"96","article-title":"Computer Forensic Analysis of Private Browsing Modes","author":"R.Montasari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global Security, Safety and Sustainability: Tomorrow\u2019s Challenges of Cyber Security. ICGS3 2015. Communications in Computer and Information Science"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-43","first-page":"83","article-title":"Integrated Computer Forensics Investigation Process Model (ICFIPM) for Computer Crime Investigations","author":"R.Montasari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global Security, Safety and Sustainability: Tomorrow\u2019s Challenges of Cyber Security. ICGS3 2015. Communications in Computer and Information Science"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-44","unstructured":"Palmer, G. 2001. A road map for digital forensic research. Proceedings of theFirst Digital Forensic Research Workshop, Utica, New York (pp. 27-30). Academic Press."},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2017.2665968"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2484402.2484406"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2015.03.002"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-48","first-page":"1","article-title":"Data reduction and data mining framework for digital forensic evidence: Storage, intelligence, review and archive.","volume":"480","author":"D.Quick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diin.2014.09.002"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-50","first-page":"1","article-title":"Breaking the Performance Wall - The Case for Distributed Digital Forensics.","author":"V.Roussev","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 2004 digital forensics research workshop."},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-24212-0_3","article-title":"Cloud Forensics","author":"K.Ruan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Advances in Digital Forensics VII"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2046707.2046754"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watson, S. & Dehghantanha, A., 2016. Digital forensics: the missing piece of the Internet of Things promise. Computer Fraud & Security, 2016(6), pp. 5-8.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-3723(15)30045-2"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMF.2009.21"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-55","unstructured":"Xenproject. (2019). Virtual Machine Introspection. Retrieved from https:\/\/tinyurl.com\/yb4h3bc5\/"},{"key":"IJOCI.2020040103-56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2018.02.005"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=250211","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T17:23:29Z","timestamp":1673889809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/IJOCI.2020040103"}},"subtitle":["Challenges and Opportunities for Future Studies"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/ijoci.2020040103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1947-9344","1947-9352"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1947-9344","type":"print"},{"value":"1947-9352","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,1]]}}}