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Although most design patterns are considered creative solutions to some difficult design problems, not all of them are necessarily the best with respect to all different software quality measures, such as program complexity. This paper studies 13 commonly employed design patterns in software industry. First, these 13 patterns are analyzed theoretically about their design complexity in comparison to the conventional solutions. Second, empirical studies are performed on five open-source Java projects to investigate the correlations between design patterns and class structural quality. Finally, these 13 design patterns are evaluated by software programmers who have experience of using all of them. Overall, this study finds that although some design patterns are considered useful, creative, and significant compared to conventional solutions based on user experience, pattern-involved classes are more complex than pattern-free classes, both theoretically and empirically. The authors accordingly recommend a balanced approach to using design patterns: design quality, cost, development time, and product quality should all be considered, when design patterns are utilized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ijsse.2017040103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,2]],"date-time":"2017-10-02T10:34:48Z","timestamp":1506940488000},"page":"53-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design Patterns and Design Quality"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Liguo","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indiana University South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srini","family":"Ramaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ABB Inc., Churchville, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"IJSSE.2017040103-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23391-3_8"},{"key":"IJSSE.2017040103-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2006.07.003"},{"key":"IJSSE.2017040103-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2011.10.006"},{"key":"IJSSE.2017040103-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2011.06.047"},{"key":"IJSSE.2017040103-4","unstructured":"Ayd\u0131noz, B. 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