{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:33:44Z","timestamp":1758710024918,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"IGI Global","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"abstract":"<p>Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) technology is considered as the most possible candidate for next generation mobile communications. LTE-A networks offer high capacity and are specified and designed to accommodate small, high performance, power-efficient end-user devices. Similarly to its predecessor LTE, LTE-A incorporates inter-cell interference mitigation methods in order to mitigate interference and to enhance efficiency in bandwidth usage. These methods include power and frequency allocation schemes that allow neighbouring cells and femtocells in heterogeneous networks to co-ordinately share and reuse available spectral resources, in order to avoid performance degradation for interference suffering cell-edge users. In this paper, the authors study the LTE-A multi-cell systems' performance using a simulation framework, which integrates several frequency reuse techniques and provides a user-friendly graphical presentation of the evaluation results. The optimal Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) configuration for the user-defined network instance is also determined, based on overall performance and fairness index metrics. Finally, the authors examine FFR techniques in two-tier femtocell\/macrocell environments and evaluate them based on the optimization of different metrics, depending on the network operator's needs.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/ijwnbt.2014040104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,24]],"date-time":"2014-09-24T16:15:48Z","timestamp":1411575348000},"page":"56-83","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Simulation Framework for the Evaluation of Frequency Reuse in LTE-A Systems"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Bilios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Technology Institute & Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9160-2274","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christos","family":"Bouras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Technology Institute & Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Diles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Technology Institute & Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Kokkinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Technology Institute & Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, Patras, Greece"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Papazois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Technology Institute & Press \u201cDiophantus\u201d, Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Tseliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Engineering and Informatics Department, University of Patras, Patras, Greece"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-0","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project Tech. Rep. R1-050507. (2005). Soft frequency reuse scheme for UTRAN LTE."},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-1","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project Tech. Rep. R1-050841. (2005). Further analysis of soft frequency reuse scheme."},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-2","unstructured":"3rd Generation Partnership Project Tech. Rep. TR 36.814. (2010). 3rd generation partnership project; Technical specification group radio access network; Evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA); Further advancements for E-UTRA physical layer aspects."},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-3"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2008.4623708"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2008.4547524"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-6"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2008.081273"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamoudal, S., Yeh, C., Kim, J., Wooram, S., & Kwon, D. S. (2009). Dynamic hard fractional frequency reuse for mobile WiMAX. Paper presented at the IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications (PerCom 2009), Galveston, TX (pp. 1-6).","DOI":"10.1109\/PERCOM.2009.4912869"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ietcom\/e91-b.8.2748"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-10"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-11","unstructured":"IBPsim. (2012). ICIC behaviour and performance simulator. Retrieved from http:\/\/ru6.cti.gr\/ru6\/IBPsim.zip"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-12"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-13","unstructured":"International Telecommunications Union Radio (ITU-R) Report ITU-R M. 2135-1. (2009). Guidelines for evaluation of radio interference technologies for IMT-advanced."},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-14","unstructured":"Jain, R., Chiu, D. M., & Hawe, W. R. (1984). A quantitative measure of fairness and discrimination for resource allocation in shared computer systems. Digital Equipment Corporation technical report TR-301."},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-15"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, P., Lee, T., Jeong, J., & Shin, J. (2010, February). Interference management in LTE femtocell systems using fractional frequency reuse. Paper presented at the International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT 2010), Phoenix Park, Korea (pp. 1047-1051).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCCAS.2010.5582043"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-17"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2009.5277454"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-19"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-20"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2010.2091660"},{"key":"ijwnbt.2014040104-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2011.110613"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Wireless Networks and Broadband Technologies"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=115590","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T23:23:58Z","timestamp":1654125838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/ijwnbt.2014040104"}},"subtitle":[""],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/ijwnbt.2014040104","relation":{},"ISSN":["2155-6261","2155-627X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2155-6261"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2155-627X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]}}}