{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T16:46:25Z","timestamp":1770482785699,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"IGI Global","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]]},"abstract":"<p>Technology adoption by individuals has traditionally been regarded by information systems researchers as a choice between adoption and non-adoption of a single technology. With the current diversity of technology alternatives, the adoption decision may be more accurately specified as a choice between competing alternative technologies. The research question may no longer be simply whether technology is adopted, but rather which technology is adopted. The authors illustrate this with a simplified model of choice between two competing technologies, where the second technology is an enhanced version of the first. Their theoretical model is based on Expectancy Theory (ET). Results indicate that system characteristics can be successfully captured in the Valence Model of ET, and effort expectancy in the Force Model. Future research can expand on these results by including more factors in the Valence Model, and by comparing more than two alternative technologies.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/irmj.2009061902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,30]],"date-time":"2010-04-30T12:35:50Z","timestamp":1272630950000},"page":"23-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An Empirical Assessment of Technology Adoption as a Choice between Alternatives"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ernst","family":"Bekkering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern State University, USA"}]},{"given":"Allen C.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama Birmingham, USA"}]},{"given":"Merrill","family":"Warkentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mississippi State University, USA"}]},{"given":"Mark B.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Cloud State University, USA"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"irmj.2009061902-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0144341032000160146"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-2","unstructured":"Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall."},{"issue":"4","key":"irmj.2009061902-3","first-page":"429","article-title":"The drivers for acceptance of tablet PCs by faculty in a college of business.","volume":"17","author":"J. E.Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Information Systems Education"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-4","unstructured":"Baig, E. C. (2005, June 9). Pen could be mightier than keyboard with ThinkPad X41. USA Today."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-5","unstructured":"CBS Broadcasting Inc. (2005, June 24). Laptops overtaking desktops? Retrieved September 1, 2006, from http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/stories\/2005\/06\/24\/earlyshow\/main704029.shtml"},{"issue":"2","key":"irmj.2009061902-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/10528008.2004.11488864","article-title":"Marketing students' perceptions of teaching evaluations: an application of Expectancy Theory.","volume":"14","author":"Y.Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Marketing Education Review"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/JOEB.81.4.179-189"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02602930301683"},{"issue":"4","key":"irmj.2009061902-9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4018\/joeuc.2002100101","article-title":"Toward an understanding of the behavioral intention to use a groupware application.","volume":"14","author":"Y.Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of End User Computing"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/JOEB.79.5.275-282"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-11","unstructured":"Coursey, D. (2003). Is the Tablet PC dead? No, it's only resting. Retrieved March 27, 2004, from http:\/\/reviews-zdnet.com.com\/AnchorDesk\/4630-7296_16-4207889.html?tag=print"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249008"},{"issue":"1","key":"irmj.2009061902-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1983.52.1.247","article-title":"Expectancy theory as an explanation of voluntary use of a decision support system.","volume":"52","author":"G.DeSanctis","year":"1983","journal-title":"Psychological Reports"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-14","unstructured":"Einhorn, B., Greene, J., & Kunii, I. M. (2004, February 23). Tablet PCs: thanks for all the hype, Bill. from http:\/\/www.businessweek.com\/print\/magazine\/content\/04_08\/b3871066.htm?mz"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01449290310001593630"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-16","unstructured":"Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-17","first-page":"26","article-title":"Putting pen to tablet.","volume":"20","author":"R.Freed","year":"2002","journal-title":"PC World"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-18","unstructured":"Greene, J., & Park, A. (2002, November 11). Is the pen finally mightier than the keyboard? Business Week. Retrieved September 21, 2006, from http:\/\/www.businessweek.com\/print\/magazine\/content\/02_45\/b3807092.htm?tc"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-19","first-page":"50","article-title":"Make your Tablet PC more useful.","volume":"24","author":"B.Howard","year":"2005","journal-title":"PC Magazine"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249751"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/palgrave.ejis.3000531"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249354"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-23","unstructured":"McGrath, J. (1982) Dilemmatics: The Study of Research Choices and Dilemmas. In J. McGrath, J. Martin, & R. Kulka (Eds.), Judgement Calls in Research. (pp. 69-103). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-24","unstructured":"Microsoft Corporation. (2002). Tablet PC brings increased productivity to corner stores. Retrieved January 21 2006, from http:\/\/members.microsoft.com\/CustomerEvidence\/Search\/EvidenceDetails.aspx?EvidenceID=1701&LanguageID=1"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-25","unstructured":"Microsoft Corporation. (2003). Windows XP Tablet PC Edition home page. Retrieved October 2, 2003, from http:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/windowsxp\/tabletpc\/default.asp."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-26","unstructured":"Microsoft Corporation. (2005). Gentiva Health Services to cure paperwork blues with Windows XP Tablet PC Edition. Retrieved January 21, 2006, from http:\/\/members.microsoft.com\/CustomerEvidence\/Search\/EvidenceDetails.aspx?EvidenceID=1713&LanguageID=1"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-27","unstructured":"Nobel, C. (2005). Lenovo launches Tablet PC. eWeek, 22, 30."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.12.2.121.9700"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palen, L., Salzman, M., & Youngs, E. (2000). Going wireless: behavior & practice of new mobile phone users. Paper presented at the ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","DOI":"10.1145\/358916.358991"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-30","unstructured":"Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007020721531"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.46.2.186.11926"},{"issue":"3","key":"irmj.2009061902-34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.2307\/30036540","article-title":"User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view.","volume":"27","author":"V.Venkatesh","year":"2003","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"issue":"7","key":"irmj.2009061902-35","first-page":"13","article-title":"Testing the waters for Tablet PCs.","volume":"6","author":"M.Villano","year":"2003","journal-title":"University Business"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-36","unstructured":"Vroom, V. C. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-37","unstructured":"Williams, M. (2005, June 27). Gates still roots for Tablet PCs. Retrieved September 20, 2006, from http:\/\/www.pcworld.com\/article\/id,121612-page,1\/article.html?RSS=RSS"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5915.1981.tb00058.x"},{"key":"irmj.2009061902-39","unstructured":"Zellen, B. (2005, September 19). Tablet PCs find their niche. Retrieved September 21, 2006, from http:\/\/www.wirelessinnovator.com\/index.php?articleID=5443&sectionID=45"}],"container-title":["Information Resources Management Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=37207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T22:49:00Z","timestamp":1654123740000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/irmj.2009061902"}},"subtitle":[""],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/irmj.2009061902","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-1628","1533-7979"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-1628","type":"print"},{"value":"1533-7979","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]]}}}