{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:55:58Z","timestamp":1781106958688,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"IGI Global Scientific Publishing","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"abstract":"<p>Service comprise of socio-technical (human and technological) factors which exchange various resources and competencies. Service networks are used to transfer resources and competencies, yet they remain an underexplored and \u2018invisible\u2019 infrastructure. Service networks become increasingly complex when technology is implemented to execute specific service processes. This ultimately adds to the complexity of a service environment, making it one of the most difficult environments to examine and manage. In addition, although the emerging paradigm of \u2018Service Science\u2019 calls for more theoretical focus on understanding complex service systems, few efforts have surfaced which apply a new theoretical lens on understanding the underlying trajectories of socio-technical dynamics within a service system. This paper presents a literature review on Actor-Network Theory (ANT) and discusses how it may be employed to examine the socio-technical nature of service networks. ANT offers a rich vocabulary to describe the interplay of socio-technical dynamics which influence the service system reconfiguration. Thus, this paper offers a discussion on how ANT may be employed to examine the complexity of service systems and service innovation.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/jantti.2012070105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,15]],"date-time":"2012-08-15T16:09:55Z","timestamp":1345046995000},"page":"51-69","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Service Science"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Noel","family":"Carroll","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lero, University of Limerick, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ita","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lero, University of Limerick, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eoin","family":"Whelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"jantti.2012070105-0","first-page":"205","article-title":"The de-scription of technical objects","author":"M.Akrich","year":"1992","journal-title":"Shaping technology, building society: Studies in sociotechnical change"},{"key":"jantti.2012070105-1","first-page":"259","article-title":"A summary of a convenient vocabulary for the semiotics of human and nonhuman assemblies","author":"M.Akrich","year":"1992","journal-title":"Shaping technology, building society: Studies in sociotechnical change"},{"key":"jantti.2012070105-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/jgim.2007100103"},{"key":"jantti.2012070105-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/con.2000.0001"},{"key":"jantti.2012070105-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/6352.001.0001","author":"G. 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