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The objective of this study is to explore the interacting patterns among a VO enabling capabilities from a covariation perspective on Knowledge Management Performance (KMP). The authors introduce the concept of \u201cconsistency\u201d which helps them investigate the impact of the VO enabling capabilities on KMP. The results from a field survey of 95 Iranian IT\/ engineering firms which implement KM processes show that the \u201cconsistency\u201d among these enabling capabilities has a significant positive impact on KMP. The novel point in this paper is to consider the following factors in a virtual context simultaneously: focus on core competence, network cooperation, integration, trust in the network, and ICT usage. 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