{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T02:10:20Z","timestamp":1654135820589},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"IGI Global","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"abstract":"<p>While most would suggest that more effective use of ICT bodes well for emergency services, there are issues associated with the introduction of such use. To explore these issues in Texas, the authors administered a survey of Texas Emergency Services Districts (ESDs). These districts are charged with delivery of emergency and medical services throughout the state and receive modest tax revenue to fund operations. The results show that in Texas ESDs political and organizational factors are important. Budgets are closely related to the political process in the ESDs, so politics plays a central role. Organizational culture and prevailing sentiments in Texas ESDs are generally supportive of ICT adoption and use. While ICT is seen as essential to service delivery, survey results show that problems of interoperability of communication systems is an issue. The most commonly used ICTs include email, GPS, Google Maps, standard web pages, Wi-Fi networks, smart phones, reverse 911, emergency alerts, Facebook, and database management. GIS, You Tube, VOIP, Cloud Computing, Twitter, LinkedIn, Digital Billboards, 311 for non-emergency disaster, 3D mapping, blogs, podcasts, and Wikis were used by few ESDs. When social media are used, they are not used in such a way as to encourage wider participation of the community in information gathering rather they are used only as an alternative traditional delivery service from the ESDs to the community. Data analysis of past events is used to improve performance. Data management issues of significant concerns include privacy and security.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/jep.2013070103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,12]],"date-time":"2013-11-12T19:37:27Z","timestamp":1384285047000},"page":"30-43","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Emergency Services"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Dianne","family":"Rahm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocab":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Reddick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Administration, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocab":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"jep.2013070103-0","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09653560310474223"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-1","unstructured":"Avery, C. (2012). State association of fire and emergency districts executive director. Personal correspondence."},{"key":"jep.2013070103-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0275074007309152"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2009.01118.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-4","author":"C.Chavez","year":"2010","journal-title":"A new way to communicate with residents: Local government use of social media to prepare for emergencies"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-5","first-page":"279","article-title":"New information technologies in emergency management","author":"S. L.Cutter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emergency management: Principles and practice for local government"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6237.2008.00563.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"jep.2013070103-7","first-page":"312","article-title":"Mobile geographic information handling technologies to support disaster management.","volume":"88","author":"N.Erharuyi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Geography (Sheffield, England)"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0072.2007.00217.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6210.2010.02130.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"jep.2013070103-10","first-page":"186","article-title":"Training emergency managers for earthquake response: Challenges and opportunities.","volume":"19","author":"M.Hossenini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Disaster Prevention and Management"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEM.2003.003300"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2011.01255.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-13","author":"B. R.Lindsay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Social media and disasters: Current uses, future options, and policy considerations"},{"issue":"4","key":"jep.2013070103-14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1108\/10662241211250980","article-title":"Determinants of information retweeting in microblogging.","volume":"22","author":"Z.Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Internet Research"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-5850.2008.00905.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1924421.1924449"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1226736.1226765"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2007.01019.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1103591"},{"issue":"2","key":"jep.2013070103-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.3233\/GOV-2010-0217","article-title":"Shaping M-Government for Emergency Management: Issues and Challenges.","volume":"33","author":"M. J.Moon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of E-Governance"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-4079(08)61097-0"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-5973.2011.00647.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"jep.2013070103-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15228053.2010.10856186","article-title":"Knowledge management systems for emergency preparedness: The way forward.","volume":"12","author":"M.Raman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2010.01192.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6210.2008.01963.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-7717.00065"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2007.01032.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1226736.1226760"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7717.2008.01055.x"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/976446"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716205284916"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White, C., Plotnick, L., Kushma, J., Hiltz, S., & Turoff, M. (2009). An online social network for emergency management. In Proceedings of the 6th International ISCRAM Conference, Gothenburg, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEM.2009.031572"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJEM.2009.031572"},{"key":"jep.2013070103-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2010.10.001"}],"container-title":["International Journal of E-Politics"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=93130","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T01:33:27Z","timestamp":1654133607000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/jep.2013070103"}},"subtitle":["A Survey of Texas Emergency Services Districts"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/jep.2013070103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1947-9131","1947-914X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1947-9131","type":"print"},{"value":"1947-914X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]}}}