{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T17:03:02Z","timestamp":1781110982633,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"IGI Global Scientific Publishing","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"abstract":"<p>Information privacy concerns are a dominant concern of the information age. Such concerns emanate from the tension between the correct use of personal information and information privacy. That tension has extended to the computer-mediated work environment as employees are becoming increasingly aware of the ways in which management can employ technologies to monitor their email and Internet interactions. Such information privacy concerns have the potential to negatively impact organisational productivity and employee morale. The aim of this paper is to outline some of the major issues relating to workplace surveillance and provide a balanced perspective that identifies the emerging issues and subsequent privacy concerns from the employee\u2019s perspective as well as the rationale underlying managements\u2019 decision to employ monitoring technologies in the workplace. In doing so, it attempts to progress academic understanding of this issue and enhance practitioners\u2019 understanding of the factors that influence employees\u2019 technology-related privacy concerns.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/jitr.2012040103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,12]],"date-time":"2012-11-12T15:50:40Z","timestamp":1352735440000},"page":"31-45","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Dataveillance"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Regina","family":"Connolly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dublin City University, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cliona","family":"McParland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dublin City University, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"jitr.2012040103-0","unstructured":"Acquisti, A. (2002). Protecting privacy with economic: Economic incentives for preventive technologies in ubiquitous computing environment. Paper presented at the Workshop on Socially-informed Design of Privacy-enhancing Solutions in Ubiquitous Computing."},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.im.2006.08.008"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-2","author":"I.Altman","year":"1975","journal-title":"The environment and social behaviour: Privacy, personal space, territory, and crowding"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.50.2.296"},{"issue":"4","key":"jitr.2012040103-4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.2307\/41409971","article-title":"Privacy in the digital age: A review of information privacy research in information systems.","volume":"35","author":"F.B\u00e9langer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Management Information Systems Quarterly"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0963-8687(02)00018-5"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-6","first-page":"43","article-title":"Interactional justice: Communication criteria of fairness","volume":"Vol. 1","author":"R. J.Bies","year":"1986","journal-title":"Research on negotiations in organisations"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/293411.293475"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/42411.42413"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.2001.2958"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-10","first-page":"1057","article-title":"Privacy issues affecting employers, employees and labour organizations.","volume":"66","author":"C. B.Craver","year":"2006","journal-title":"Louisiana Law Review"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249775"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2885.2006.00271.x"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-13","author":"R. L.Daft","year":"2000","journal-title":"Management"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1060.0080"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010076422893"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-16","unstructured":"European Union. (2002). Directive 95\/46\/EC: Article 29 WP55. Retrieved from http:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/justice_home\/fsj\/privacy\/docs\/wpdocs\/2002\/wpss_en.pdf"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-17","first-page":"1115","article-title":"Monitoring technology in the American workplace: Would adopting English privacy standards better balance employee privacy and productivity?","volume":"95","author":"L.Evans","year":"2007","journal-title":"California Law Review"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-18","author":"M.Foucault","year":"1977","journal-title":"Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-19","author":"A. P.Ghosh","year":"1998","journal-title":"E-Commerce security \u2013 Weak links, best defences"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-20","unstructured":"Godfrey, B. (2001). Electronic work monitoring: An ethical model. In Selected Papers from the Second Australian Institute Conference on Computer Ethics (pp. 18-21)."},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-21","unstructured":"Harris Interactive. (2003). Poll. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.harrisinteractive.com\/harris_poll\/index.asp?PID=365"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014482124497"},{"issue":"2","key":"jitr.2012040103-23","first-page":"247","article-title":"Predicting workplace deviance from the interaction between organizational justice and personality.","volume":"17","author":"C. A.Helne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Managerial Issues"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-24","unstructured":"IBM. (2006). Stopping insider attacks: How organizations can protect their sensitive information. Retrieved from http:\/\/www-935.ibm.com\/services\/us\/imc\/pdf\/gsw00316-usen-00-insider-threats-wp.pdf"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9973.00055"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-26","first-page":"519","article-title":"Workplace surveillance, privacy and distributive justice","author":"L. D.Introna","year":"2001","journal-title":"Readings in cyberethics"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-27","unstructured":"Jackson, T., Dawson, R., & Wilson, D. (2001). The cost of email interruption (Item No. 2134\/495). Loughborough, UK: Loughborough University Institutional Repository Retrieved from http:\/\/km.lboro.ac.uk\/iii\/pdf\/JOSIT%202001.pdf"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-28","author":"F. S.Lane","year":"2003","journal-title":"The naked employee: How technology is compromising workplace privacy"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-29","author":"K. C.Laudon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Essentials of management information systems: Organisation and technology in the networked enterprise"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-30","author":"K. C.Laudon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Management information systems: Managing the digital firm"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-31","author":"K. C.Laudon","year":"2010","journal-title":"E-Commerce 2010 \u2013 Business. Technology. Society"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-32","unstructured":"Louis Harris and Associates. (1999). Poll. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.natlconsumersleague.org\/FNLSUM1.PDF"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-33","unstructured":"Madden, M., Fox, S., Smith, A., & Vitak, J. (2007). Digital footprints: Online identity management and search in the age of transparency. Retrieved July 29, 2012, from http:\/\/pewresearch.org\/pubs\/663\/digital-footprints"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-4560.00071"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-35","first-page":"397","article-title":"Monitoring on the job: How to protect privacy as well as property","author":"G.Marx","year":"1991","journal-title":"Computers in the human context: Information technology, productivity, and people"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/248873"},{"issue":"3","key":"jitr.2012040103-37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.2307\/258792","article-title":"An integrative model of organisational trust.","volume":"20","author":"R. C.Mayer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-38","unstructured":"McParland, C., & Connolly, R. (2009). The role of dataveillance in the organsiation: Some emerging trends. Paper presented at the Irish Academy of Management Conference, Galway, UK."},{"issue":"4","key":"jitr.2012040103-39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1177\/014920639802400404","article-title":"Relationships between bases of power and work reactions: The mediational role of procedural justice.","volume":"24","author":"K. W.Mossholder","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Management"},{"issue":"8","key":"jitr.2012040103-40","first-page":"73","article-title":"Email monitoring in the workplace: Privacy, legislation, and surveillance software.","volume":"49","author":"G. D.Nord","year":"2006","journal-title":"Communications of the ACM"},{"issue":"1","key":"jitr.2012040103-41","first-page":"275","article-title":"A definition of privacy.","volume":"27","author":"R. B.Parker","year":"1974","journal-title":"Rutgers Law Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"jitr.2012040103-42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2307\/25148783","article-title":"Understanding and mitigating uncertainty in online exchange relationships: A principal\u2013agent perspective.","volume":"31","author":"P. A.Pavlou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Management Information Systems Quarterly"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/07363760010317213"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/job.4030150306"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/009207002236917"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-46","unstructured":"Safire, W. (2002). The great unwatched. The New York Times. Retrieved from http:\/\/query.nytimes.com\/gst\/fullpage.html?res=9A03E7DB1E3FF93BA25751C0A9649C8B63"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-47","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Privacy for the working class: Public work and private lives.","volume":"66","author":"M.Selmi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Louisiana Law Review"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-48","unstructured":"SHRM. (2005). Workplace privacy \u2013 Poll findings: A study by the Society for Human Resource Management and CareerJournal.com. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.shrm.org\/Research\/SurveyFindings\/Documents\/Workplace%20Privacy%20Poll%20Findings%20-%20A%20Study%20by%20SHRM%20and%20CareerJournal.com.pdf"},{"issue":"4","key":"jitr.2012040103-49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.2307\/41409970","article-title":"Information privacy research: An interdisciplinary review.","volume":"35","author":"H. J.Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Management Information Systems Quarterly"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/249477"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570210450181"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/40041279"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327043HUP1301_4"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007775020214"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.81.6.738"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-56","unstructured":"Survey, A. M. A. (2001). Workplace monitoring and surveillance. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.amanet.org\/research\/pdfs\/ems_short2001.pdf"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-57","unstructured":"Survey, A. M. A. (2003). Email rules, policies and practices survey. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.amanet.org\/research\/pdfs\/email_policies_practices.pdf"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-58","unstructured":"Survey, A. M. A. (2005). Electronic monitoring and surveillance survey. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.amanet.org\/research\/pdfs\/ems_summary05.pdf"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/968261.968263"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-60","author":"E.Turban","year":"2010","journal-title":"Electronic commerce 2010: A managerial perspective"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-61","author":"E.Turban","year":"2006","journal-title":"Information technology for management \u2013 Transforming organisations in the digital economy"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-62","author":"J.Turow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Open to exploitation: American shoppers online and offline"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/272287.272299"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10580530701221072"},{"key":"jitr.2012040103-65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/job.157"}],"container-title":["Journal of Information Technology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"ng","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.igi-global.com\/viewtitle.aspx?TitleId=72709","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T16:55:57Z","timestamp":1654102557000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/services.igi-global.com\/resolvedoi\/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018\/jitr.2012040103"}},"subtitle":["Employee Monitoring &amp; Information Privacy Concerns in the Workplace"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4018\/jitr.2012040103","relation":{},"ISSN":["1938-7857","1938-7865"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1938-7857","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-7865","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,1]]}}}