{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T15:18:49Z","timestamp":1781104729548,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"IGI Global Scientific Publishing","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,1]]},"abstract":"<p>Abstract Data Types (ADTs) are a set of highly generic and rigorously modeled data structures in type theory. Lists as a finite sequence of elements are one of the most fundamental and widely used ADTs in system modeling, which provide a standard encapsulation and access interface for manipulating large-volume information and persistent data. This paper develops a comprehensive design pattern of formal lists using a doubly-linked-circular (DLC) list architecture. A rigorous denotational mathematics, Real-Time Process Algebra (RTPA), is adopted, which allows both architectural and behavioral models of lists to be rigorously designed and implemented in a top-down approach. The architectural models of DLC-Lists are created using RTPA architectural modeling methodologies known as the Unified Data Models (UDMs). The behavioral models of DLC-Lists are specified and refined by a set of Unified Process Models (UPMs) in three categories namely the management operations, traversal operations, and node I\/O operations. This work has been applied in a number of real-time and nonreal-time system designs such as a real-time operating system (RTOS+), a file management system (FMS), and the ADT library for an RTPA-based automatic code generation tool.<\/p>","DOI":"10.4018\/jssci.2011040106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,19]],"date-time":"2011-10-19T12:49:13Z","timestamp":1319028553000},"page":"83-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Formal Design Model of Doubly-Linked-Circular Lists (DLC-Lists)"],"prefix":"10.4018","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Yingxu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyprian F.","family":"Ngolah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sentinel Trending & Diagnostics Ltd., Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinming","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan University of Technology, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillip C.Y.","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Irvine, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2432","reference":[{"key":"jssci.2011040106-0","author":"G.Bollella","year":"2002","journal-title":"The real-time specification for java"},{"key":"jssci.2011040106-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3975(84)90086-0"},{"key":"jssci.2011040106-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/6041.6042"},{"key":"jssci.2011040106-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/359605.359618"},{"key":"jssci.2011040106-4","author":"S.Lipschutz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Schaum\u2019s outline of theories and problems of discrete mathematics"},{"key":"jssci.2011040106-5","author":"J.McDermid","year":"1991","journal-title":"Software engineer\u2019s reference book"},{"key":"jssci.2011040106-6","first-page":"365","article-title":"Type systems for programming languages","author":"J. 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