{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:30:51Z","timestamp":1759159851881,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/PolicyAndEthics\/PublishingPolicies"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/license\/TDM_Licenser.pdf"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MSF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Soil as a building material is gaining renewed interest from academia, and the construction sector, mainly for fabricating low-environmental impact homes. The fabrication of houses with soil using traditional methods such as adobe, cob, and rammed earth dates back to ancient times. However, emerging construction technologies, such as 3D printing, can be compatible with this material for building purposes. The article presents the validation of a 3D printing system for construction applications and the evaluation of soil-cement matrices' printability. First, the paper defines the printing parameters through experimental testing on soil matrices. Then, the article evaluates the printability of soil-cement matrices through filament printing and stacking tests. The results show that the 3D printing system prototype can fabricate small and medium-sized elements with soil matrices after correctly defining the pumping speed, printing speed, and layer height. Furthermore, experimental printing test results demonstrate that soil-cement matrices can be easily extruded and stacked; however, their printability capacity is strongly affected by the total water content and printing speed. This research highlights the suitability of soil-cement mixtures for additive manufacturing, a promising outcome that can facilitate the construction of homes in remote areas using 3D printing systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4028\/p-sc9yi5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T15:54:42Z","timestamp":1689954882000},"page":"143-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Soil-Cement Matrices for Additive Construction: 3D Printing System Validation and Printing Tests"],"prefix":"10.4028","volume":"1093","author":[{"given":"Guido","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru PUCP"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru PUCP"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"\u00d1a\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa PUCP"}]},{"given":"Suyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru PUCP"}]},{"given":"Gaby","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Piura"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9940-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Pando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drexel University"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru PUCP"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Nakamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Per\u00fa PUCP"}]}],"member":"2457","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"4909636","unstructured":"UN-Habitat. 2006. State of the world's cities 2006. London: Earthscan y UN-Habitat."},{"key":"4909637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2021.103009","article-title":"Learning from historical structures under compression for concrete 3D printing construction","volume":"43","author":"Duarte","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alo Duarte, Nathan Brown, Ali Memari, Jos\u00e9 Pinto Duarte (2021). Learning from historical structures under compression for concrete 3D printing construction, Journal of Building Engineering.","journal-title":"Journal of Building Engineering"},{"key":"4909638","unstructured":"McKinsey, G. (2017). Reinventing Construction. A Route to Higher Productivity. Viitattu 3.11. 2017."},{"key":"5020556","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128559","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CONBUILDMAT.2022.128559","article-title":"Effects of Early-Age rheology and printing time interval on Late-Age fracture characteristics of 3D printed concrete","volume":"351","author":"Wu","unstructured":"Wu, Y.C., & Li, M. (2022). Effects of Early-Age rheology and printing time interval on Late-Age fracture characteristics of 3D printed concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 351, 128559","journal-title":"Construction and Building Materials"},{"key":"5020557","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nerella, V.N., & Mechtcherine, V. (2019). Studying the printability of fresh concrete for formwork-free concrete onsite 3D printing technology (CONPrint3D). In 3D Concrete Printing Technology (pp.333-347). Butterworth-Heinemann.","DOI":"10.1016\/b978-0-12-815481-6.00016-6"},{"key":"5020558","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.017","article-title":"3D printing of earth-based materials: Processing aspects","volume":"172","author":"Perrot","unstructured":"Perrot, A., Rangeard, D., & Courteille, E. (2018). 3D printing of earth-based materials: Processing aspects. Construction and Building Materials, 172, 670\u2013676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/ J.CONBUILDMAT.2018.04.017","journal-title":"Construction and Building Materials"},{"issue":"1","key":"5020559","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"012015","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/706\/1\/012015","article-title":"Development of a stabilized natural fiber-reinforced earth composite for construction applications using 3D printing","volume":"706","author":"Silva","unstructured":"Silva, G., Quispe, L., Kim, S., Nakamatsu, J., & Aguilar, R. (2019). Development of a stabilized natural fiber-reinforced earth composite for construction applications using 3D printing. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 706(1), 012015. https:\/\/doi.org\/","journal-title":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1757-899X","issn-type":"electronic"},{"key":"4909642","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM D6913, \"Standard Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) Of Soils Using Sieve Analysis,\" ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021.","DOI":"10.1520\/d6913-04e02"},{"key":"4909643","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"ASTM D7928, \"Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) Of Fine-Grained Soils Using the Sedimentation (Hydrometer) Analysis,\" ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021.","DOI":"10.1520\/d7928-16"},{"key":"4909644","unstructured":"ASTM D4318, \"Standard Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, And Plasticity Index of Soils,\" ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017."},{"key":"4909645","unstructured":"ASTM D854, \"Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids By Water Pycnometer,\" ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2014."},{"key":"4909646","unstructured":"ASTM D2216, \"Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil And Rock By Mass,\" ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2019."},{"key":"4909647","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128556","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CONBUILDMAT.2022.128556","article-title":"Eco-friendly additive construction: Analysis of the printability of earthen-based matrices stabilized with potato starch gel and sisal fibers","volume":"347","author":"Silva","unstructured":"Silva, G., \u00d1a\u00f1ez, R., Zavaleta, D., Burgos, V., Kim, S., Ruiz, G., Pando, M. A., Aguilar, R., & Nakamatsu, J. (2022). Eco-friendly additive Construction: Analysis of the printability of earthen-based matrices stabilized with potato starch gel and sisal fibers. Construction and Building Materials, 347, 128556","journal-title":"Construction and Building Materials"}],"container-title":["Materials Science Forum"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.1093.143.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,14]],"date-time":"2024-02-14T22:53:58Z","timestamp":1707951238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.1093.143"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"references-count":13,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4028\/p-sc9yi5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-9752"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1662-9752"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]}}}