{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T20:40:03Z","timestamp":1755895203594,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]],"date-time":"2014-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/PolicyAndEthics\/PublishingPolicies"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]],"date-time":"2014-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/license\/TDM_Licenser.pdf"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["KEM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recent studies showed that electrical conductivity is a valuable technique to identify the different zones of solid-state welded joints with a good correlation with the microstructure and hardness. This is a relevant result since this technique is expedite and, in some cases, non destructive. The concept was applied to other welding processes as the ones involving fusion and to a wide range of materials. For this, a comprehensive study was performed using friction stir welding, tungsten inert gas (TIG) and gas metal arc (MAG) welding processes in either bead on plate or butt joints in: carbon steel, magnesium and titanium. Eddy current non-destructive testing (NDT) was used to measure the electrical conductivity at different depths in transverse sections of the processed materials. The obtained profiles were compared to the hardness profiles in the same sections. As a result, a good correlation was observed in most materials welded by solid state and by fusion processes. The variation of the electrical conductivity closely follows the one detected in the hardness. Another interesting conclusion is that, even for fusion welding of carbon steels, the technique has potential to complement the hardness measurements and microstructural observations, allowing to identify the distinct zones of welds in materials commonly used in industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/kem.611-612.671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]],"date-time":"2014-05-23T10:51:38Z","timestamp":1400842298000},"page":"671-676","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Non-Conventional Technique for Evaluating Welded Joints Based on the Electrical Conductivity"],"prefix":"10.4028","volume":"611-612","author":[{"given":"Telmo G.","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA University Lisbon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gon\u00e7alo","family":"Sorger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA University Lisbon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4749-3036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Vila\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalto University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.M.","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NOVA University Lisbon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2457","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"883706","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T. G. Santos, R. M. Miranda, P. Vila\u00e7a, and J. P. Teixeira, Modification of electrical conductivity by friction stir processing of aluminum alloys, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol. 57(5) (2011) 511\u2013519.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-011-3308-4"},{"key":"883707","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T. G. Santos, P. Vila\u00e7a, and R. M. Miranda, Electrical conductivity field analysis for evaluation of FSW joints in AA6013 and AA7075 alloys, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 211(2) (2011) 174\u2013180.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmatprotec.2010.08.030"},{"key":"883708","unstructured":"Various, ASM Handbook: Nondestructive evaluation and quality control, 9th ed., vol. 17. ASM International, (1989)."},{"key":"883709","unstructured":"C. Hellier, Handbook of Nondestructive Evaluation. McGraw Hill Professional, (2001)."},{"key":"883710","unstructured":"Various, ASM Handbook: Metallography And Microstructures 2004, 9th ed., vol. 9. ASM International, (2004)."},{"key":"883711","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T. G. Santos, R. M. Miranda, P. Vila\u00e7a, J. P. Teixeira, and J. dos Santos, Microstructural mapping of friction stir welded AA 7075-T6 and AlMgSc alloys using electrical conductivity, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join. 16(7) (2011) 630\u2013635.","DOI":"10.1179\/1362171811y.0000000052"}],"container-title":["Key Engineering Materials"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.611-612.671.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T20:00:25Z","timestamp":1755892825000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.611-612.671"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]]},"references-count":6,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/kem.611-612.671","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-9795"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1662-9795"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,23]]}}}