{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T22:29:24Z","timestamp":1785018564641,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"AACN Publishing","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neurogenic stunned myocardium is a form of stress cardiomyopathy. The disorder is sometimes referred to as atypical Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. The pathophysiology of neurogenic stunned myocardium is hypothesized to involve significant overdrive of the sympathetic nervous system after a brain injury. Treatment options for a patient with a brain injury who has progressed to cardiogenic shock remain controversial, with no consistent guidelines. A patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage who progresses to cardiogenic shock with concurrent cerebral vasospasm presents a special treatment challenge. Neurogenic stunned myocardium is reversible; however, it must be recognized immediately to avoid or manage potential complications, such as cardiogenic shock and pulmonary edema. A multifaceted treatment approach is needed for the patient with cardiogenic shock and concurrent vasospasm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4037\/aacnacc22021250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T07:03:59Z","timestamp":1630998239000},"page":"275-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Neurogenic Stunned Myocardium: A Review"],"prefix":"10.4037","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Amy","family":"Stoddard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amy Stoddard is a graduate student, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 920 Madison Ave, Memphis, TN 38163 (astodda2@uthsc.edu)."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Lynch-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donna Lynch-Smith is Associate Professor, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2471","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021090707033014200_b1-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.5603\/AIT.2015.0017","article-title":"Neurogenic stunned myocardium\u2014do we consider this diagnosis in patients with acute central nervous system injury and acute heart failure?","volume":"47","author":"Mierzewska-Schmidt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021090707033014200_b2-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-019-0999-7","article-title":"Neurogenic stunned myocardium in severe neurological injury","volume":"19","author":"Kenigsberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b3-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2016.10.010","article-title":"Neurogenic stunned myocardium in subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"38","author":"Kerro","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021090707033014200_b4-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2017.00.007","article-title":"Acute cardiac complications in critical brain disease","volume":"29","author":"Ripoll","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021090707033014200_b5-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666161006123530","article-title":"The insular cortex and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy","volume":"23","author":"Nagai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Des"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b6-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5842182","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5842182","article-title":"A review of neurogenic stunned myocardium","volume":"2017","author":"Biso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2021090707033014200_b7-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-018-0833-7","article-title":"Takotsubo syndrome: clinical features, pathogenesis, treatment, and relationship with cerebrovascular diseases","volume":"18","author":"Ranieri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021090707033014200_b8-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.424","article-title":"Current state of knowledge on Takotsubo syndrome: a position statement from the Taskforce on Takotsubo Syndrome of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"18","author":"Lyon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021090707033014200_b9-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-015-0108-y","article-title":"High-sensitive troponin T and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide for early detection of stress-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"23","author":"Oras","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b10-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-63600-3.00004-0","article-title":"Neurocardiology","volume":"140","author":"Osteraas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021090707033014200_b11-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.01.013","article-title":"Neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"83","author":"Malik","year":"2015","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021090707033014200_b12-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066613511054","article-title":"Neurogenic stunned myocardium following acute subarachnoid hemorrhage: pathophysiology and practical considerations","volume":"30","author":"Murthy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021090707033014200_b13-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.22038\/jctm.2018.32692.1170","article-title":"Cardiac complication following subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"6","author":"Shabestari","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021090707033014200_b14-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2018.07.042","article-title":"Differences in initial electrocardiographic findings of apical Takotsubo syndrome according to the time from symptom onset","volume":"122","author":"Isogai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021090707033014200_b15-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-009-0071-0","article-title":"Neurogenic stunned myocardium","volume":"9","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021090707033014200_b16-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3091-6","article-title":"Could cardiac biomarkers predict neurogenic pulmonary edema in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?","volume":"159","author":"Nastasovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021090707033014200_b17-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1177\/2048872616679792","article-title":"Clinical presentations and outcomes of Takotsubo syndrome in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Elgendy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021090707033014200_b18-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-018-0659-9","article-title":"Systematic review of intrathecal nicardipine for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"31","author":"Hafeez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021090707033014200_b19-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-017-0437-0","article-title":"Neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy precipitated by acute hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"28","author":"Gharaibeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021090707033014200_b20-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-020-00915-5","article-title":"Beta-blockade in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Ramesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b21-0320275","unstructured":"McGee\u2008WT, Headley\u2008JM, Frazier\u2008JA, Lichtenthal\u2008PR. Quick Guide to Cardiopulmonary Care. 3rd ed. Edwards Lifesciences; 2014. Accessed March 19, 2020. https:\/\/edwardsprod.blob.core.windows.net\/media\/Br\/devices\/monitoring\/pressure%20monitoring\/quick-guide-to-cardiopulmonary-care.pdf"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021090707033014200_b22-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-14-0389","article-title":"Thyroid hormone and the stunned myocardium","volume":"223","author":"Novitzky","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021090707033014200_b23-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-008-9135-2","article-title":"Cardiogenic shock with stunned myocardium during triple-H therapy treated with intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation","volume":"10","author":"Taccone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021090707033014200_b24-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-010-9358-x","article-title":"Intraaortic balloon pump counterpulsation in the setting of subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral vasospasm, and neurogenic stress cardiomyopathy: case report and review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Lazaridis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b25-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.05.033","article-title":"Mechanical circulatory support for Takotsubo syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"316","author":"Mariani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b26-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2020.09.047","article-title":"Trends and impact of the use of mechanical circulatory support for cardiogenic shock secondary to Takotsubo cardiomyopathy","volume":"139","author":"Napierkowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2021090707033014200_b27-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.12968\/bjnn.2009.5.10.44670","article-title":"Nursing management of subarachnoid haemorrhage: a reflective case study","volume":"5","author":"Lange","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Neurosci Nurs"},{"key":"2021090707033014200_b28-0320275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1099","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.03.054","article-title":"Prognostic value of echocardiography for left ventricular dysfunction after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["AACN Advanced Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/aacnacconline\/article-pdf\/32\/3\/275\/137759\/275.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/aacnacconline\/article-pdf\/32\/3\/275\/137759\/275.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T07:04:04Z","timestamp":1630998244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aacnjournals.org\/aacnacconline\/article\/32\/3\/275\/31560\/Neurogenic-Stunned-Myocardium-A-Review"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4037\/aacnacc22021250","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-7768","1559-7776"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-7768","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7776","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]]}}}