{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T19:17:56Z","timestamp":1762543076783},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"AACN Publishing","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Critically ill patients are susceptible to the development of dry eye. Few studies have been conducted on how to best prevent and treat this condition.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To compare the effectiveness of 2 nursing interventions in preventing dry eye in adult intensive care unit patients: liquid artificial tears (Lacribell; Latinofarma) and artificial tears gel (Vidisic Gel; Bausch and Lomb).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n In this randomized controlled trial, 140 participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups: a liquid artificial tears group (n = 70) and an artificial tears gel group (n = 70). The study inclusion criteria were as follows: admission to the intensive care unit, age of 18 years or older, no diagnosis of dry eye at admission, receipt of mechanical ventilation, blink rate of less than 5 times per minute, and a score of 7 or less on the Glasgow Coma Scale. On 5 consecutive days, a single researcher who was unaware of the treatment assignment assessed the participants\u2019 eyes using the fluorescein eye stain test and the Schirmer test for dry eye.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Dry eye developed in 21% of participants who received liquid artificial tears versus 9% of participants who received artificial tears gel (P = .04).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n In this study, artificial tears gel was superior to liquid artificial tears in preventing the development of dry eye. These results may help nurses deliver evidence-based eye care aimed at reducing the risk of dry eye in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2019360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T13:19:07Z","timestamp":1561987147000},"page":"299-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effectiveness of Nursing Interventions to Prevent Dry Eye in Critically Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.4037","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Diego Dias","family":"de Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diego Dias de Araujo is assistant professor and Daniel Vinicius Alves Silva, Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues, and Patricia Oliveira Silva are undergraduate students, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil. Tamara Goncalves Rezende Macieira is a PhD candidate, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Tania Couto Machado Chianca is professor, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Vinicius Alves","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diego Dias de Araujo is assistant professor and Daniel Vinicius Alves Silva, Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues, and Patricia Oliveira Silva are undergraduate students, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil. Tamara Goncalves Rezende Macieira is a PhD candidate, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Tania Couto Machado Chianca is professor, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina Amaral Oliveira","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diego Dias de Araujo is assistant professor and Daniel Vinicius Alves Silva, Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues, and Patricia Oliveira Silva are undergraduate students, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil. Tamara Goncalves Rezende Macieira is a PhD candidate, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Tania Couto Machado Chianca is professor, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia Oliveira","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diego Dias de Araujo is assistant professor and Daniel Vinicius Alves Silva, Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues, and Patricia Oliveira Silva are undergraduate students, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil. Tamara Goncalves Rezende Macieira is a PhD candidate, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Tania Couto Machado Chianca is professor, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamara Goncalves Rezende","family":"Macieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diego Dias de Araujo is assistant professor and Daniel Vinicius Alves Silva, Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues, and Patricia Oliveira Silva are undergraduate students, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil. Tamara Goncalves Rezende Macieira is a PhD candidate, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Tania Couto Machado Chianca is professor, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tania Couto Machado","family":"Chianca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diego Dias de Araujo is assistant professor and Daniel Vinicius Alves Silva, Carolina Amaral Oliveira Rodrigues, and Patricia Oliveira Silva are undergraduate students, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Brazil. Tamara Goncalves Rezende Macieira is a PhD candidate, College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Tania Couto Machado Chianca is professor, School of Nursing, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2471","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2020032814131637400_b1-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2011.10.001","article-title":"Common ocular surface disorders in patients in intensive care units","volume":"10","author":"Grixti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"issue":"13-14","key":"2020032814131637400_b2-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1916","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2010.03559.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of polyethylene covers versus carbomer drops (Viscotears) to prevent dry eye syndrome in the critically ill","volume":"20","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"issue":"6","key":"2020032814131637400_b3-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2012.02.005","article-title":"Exposure keratopathy in sedated and ventilated patients","volume":"27","author":"Jammal","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"2020032814131637400_b4-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182038","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/182038","article-title":"Ocular surface disorders in intensive care unit patients","volume":"2013","author":"Saritas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"key":"2020032814131637400_b5-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2689","DOI":"10.1590\/1518-8345.0897.2689","article-title":"Prediction of risk and incidence of dry eye in critical patients","volume":"24","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Lat Am Enfermagem"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032814131637400_b6-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72AA","DOI":"10.1097\/00000446-200601000-00046","volume":"106","author":"Eye care for patients in the ICU","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Nurs"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032814131637400_b7-0280299","first-page":"1","article-title":"Eye care for intensive care patients","volume":"6","author":"Joanna Briggs Institute for Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery","year":"2002","journal-title":"Best Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032814131637400_b8-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-3095.2012.01218.x","article-title":"Nursing interventions for adult intensive care patients with risk for corneal injury: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Werli-Alvarenga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Knowl"},{"issue":"2","key":"2020032814131637400_b9-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70081-2","article-title":"The definition and classification of dry eye disease: report of the definition and classification subcommittee of the international dry eye workshop (2007)","volume":"5","author":"Lemp","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"2020032814131637400_b10-0280299","volume-title":"NANDA International Nursing Diagnoses: Definitions and Classification, 2015-2017","author":"Kamitsuru","year":"2014"},{"key":"2020032814131637400_b11-0280299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c332","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c332","article-title":"CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials","volume":"340","author":"Schulz","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"2020032814131637400_b12-0280299","first-page":"30","article-title":"Ocular surface disorders in intensive care unit patients in a sub-Saharan teaching hospital","volume":"11","author":"Desalu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Internet J Emerg Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2020032814131637400_b13-0280299","unstructured":"American Academy of Ophthalmology Cornea\/External Disease Panel. 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